1. 导入坐标spring-web
2. 在web.xml中配置监听器（需要放在过滤器之后）

<!--配置spring的监听器，默认只加载WEB-INF目录下的applicationContext.xml配置文件--><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!--配置文件的路径--><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><!--配置前端控制器--><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><!--加载配置文件--><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value></init-param><!--启动服务器，创建该servlet--><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
<!--解决中文乱码过滤器--><filter><filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class><init-param><param-name>encoding</param-name><param-value>UTF-8</param-value></init-param></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>