题目：Grille Cipher Attack - python coding challenges - Py.CheckiO

代码：

from typing import List
import numpy as np
from itertools import combinationsdef find_grille(plaintext: str, cryptogram: str) -> List[str]:# 密文输出方法同题目'Rotating Grille Cipher'的方法，但孔纸矩阵是8*8的，且孔有16个# 输入：明文（长度64），密钥（长度64），输出：密钥，即要求输出孔的位置列表# grille旋转后得到的坐标位置,矩阵旋转，k为正数逆时针，k为负数顺时针def get_arr(grille):Narr = np.ones((8, 8)).astype(np.str_)  # #创建一个8*8字符矩阵for i in range(8):for j in range(8):if (i,j) in grille:Narr[i][j] = "X"else:Narr[i][j] = "."return Narrdef xuan_grille(grille,knum):Narr = get_arr(grille)Narr1 = np.rot90(Narr,k=knum) # 矩阵旋转，k为正数逆时针，k为负数顺时针indexlist = [(i, j) for i, l in enumerate(Narr1.tolist()) for j, v in enumerate(l) if v == 'X']return indexlist# 密文列表ciphermat = [ [ j for j in cryptogram[i:i+8]] for i in range(0,len(cryptogram),8)]# 明文分隔成4段，后一段填入的位置是由前一段的位置旋转90度得到的plainlist = [plaintext[i:i+16] for i in range(0, len(plaintext), 16)]# 明文字符在密文中所有位置,并按{字母:[(x,y)]}输出indexlist = [(s,(i,j)) for s in plaintext for i in range(len(ciphermat)) for j in range(len(ciphermat[i])) if ciphermat[i][j] == s]indexdict = {}for k in indexlist:if k[0] not in indexdict.keys():indexdict[k[0]] = [k[1]]else:indexdict[k[0]] = list(sorted(set(indexdict[k[0]]+[k[1]]),key=lambda x:(x[0],x[1]))) # 同一个字符的所有位置去重并排序# plainlist每组在密文中可能位置str_indexs = [[ indexdict[i] for i in p] for p in plainlist]# 对每组字符的可能位置再筛选def check_pro(listA):result = Falsefor i in range(1,len(listA)):if listA[i]+[listA[i-1][-1]] == sorted(listA[i]+[listA[i-1][-1]],key=lambda x:(x[0],x[1])):result = Truefor i in range(1,len(listA)):if [listA[i][0]]+listA[i-1] == sorted([listA[i][0]]+listA[i-1],key=lambda x:(x[0],x[1])):result = Truereturn resultdef jian_index(listA):while check_pro(listA):for i in range(len(listA)-1):if listA[i+1]+[listA[i][-1]] == sorted(listA[i+1]+[listA[i][-1]],key=lambda x:(x[0],x[1])):listA = listA[:i]+[listA[i][:-1]]+listA[i+1:]for i in range(1,len(listA)):if [listA[i][0]]+listA[i-1] == sorted([listA[i][0]]+listA[i-1],key=lambda x:(x[0],x[1])):listA = listA[:i] + [listA[i][1:]] + listA[i+1:]return listANstr_indexs = [jian_index(s) for s in str_indexs]g0 = []for j in Nstr_indexs[0]:g0.extend(j)M = [g0]for i in range(1,len(Nstr_indexs)):g1 = []for j in Nstr_indexs[i]:g1.extend(j)g1 = sorted(list(set(g1)), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))y = sorted(list(set(g1).intersection(set(xuan_grille(g0,-i)))), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1])) #g0顺时针旋转i次后，与g1的交集res = sorted(list(set(g0).intersection(set(xuan_grille(y,i)))), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1])) #y逆时针旋转M.append(res)D = sorted(list(set(M[0]).intersection(set(M[2]).intersection(M[1]))), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))print(D,len(D))R = []for j in range(1,4):x = xuan_grille(D,-j)r = sorted(list(set(D).intersection(set(x))), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))R.extend(r)D = sorted(list(set(D).difference(set(R))), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))print(len(D),len(R))T = list(combinations(R,16-len(D)))# 验证有效密钥是否能得到密文def check_cryptogram(plaintext,cryptogram,K):dex = K+xuan_grille(K,-1)+xuan_grille(K,-2)+xuan_grille(K,-3)if len(set(dex))!=64:return Falseelse:ciphertext = []Narr = np.ones((8, 8)).astype(np.str_)  # #创建一个8*8字符矩阵# 依次在K的位置填入明文字母for j in range(64):x = dex[j][0]y = dex[j][1]Narr[x][y] = plaintext[j]sub_c = Narr.tolist()  # 矩阵转列表sub_c = ''.join([''.join(i) for i in sub_c])ciphertext.append(sub_c)result = ''.join(ciphertext)return True if cryptogram == result else FalseNarr = get_arr(D)if len(D)==16:Narr = get_arr(D)elif len(D)<16:for t in T:K = sorted(D + list(t), key=lambda x: (x[0], x[1]))if check_cryptogram(plaintext,cryptogram,K):Narr = get_arr(K)breakNarrlist = [''.join(i) for i in Narr.tolist()]print(Narrlist)return Narrlistif __name__ == "__main__":print("Example:")print("quickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydogandjackdawslovesmysphinxofquartz","quicpsovkbroerthwnfoelazxjumydogmyspandjhinxackdofquawslartzoves")## # These "asserts" are used for self-checking and not for an auto-testingassert find_grille("quickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydogandjackdawslovesmysphinxofquartz","quicpsovkbroerthwnfoelazxjumydogmyspandjhinxackdofquawslartzoves",) == ["XXXX....","XXXX....","XXXX....","XXXX....","........","........","........","........",]assert find_grille("weareallfromxanthcubesaidquicklyjustvisitingphazewewontbeforlong","wejhewucuaeswtbrveeoisantsalilbifdteifrqunooigrmplxcakhonnlagtyz",) == ["X...X...",".X.....X","..X...X.","...X.X..","X.....X.","...X...X","..X.X...",".X...X..",]assert find_grille("theideaofcognitivebiasinpsychologyworksinananalogouswayacognitiv","tgovgeubyhsiawseiinorkdepaswoasifcyncyaanaognconaginihlttoiivloo",) == ["X.......",".X.....X","X.....XX",".X..X...","XX......","..XXX...","..X....X","...X....",]print("Coding complete? Click 'Check' to earn cool rewards!")

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