配置

flask中的配置文件是一个flask.config.Config对象（继承字典）,默认配置为：{'DEBUG':                                get_debug_flag(default=False),  是否开启Debug模式'TESTING':                              False,                          是否开启测试模式'PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS':                 None,                          'PRESERVE_CONTEXT_ON_EXCEPTION':        None,'SECRET_KEY':                           None,'PERMANENT_SESSION_LIFETIME':           timedelta(days=31),'USE_X_SENDFILE':                       False,'LOGGER_NAME':                          None,'LOGGER_HANDLER_POLICY':               'always','SERVER_NAME':                          None,'APPLICATION_ROOT':                     None,'SESSION_COOKIE_NAME':                  'session','SESSION_COOKIE_DOMAIN':                None,'SESSION_COOKIE_PATH':                  None,'SESSION_COOKIE_HTTPONLY':              True,'SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE':                False,'SESSION_REFRESH_EACH_REQUEST':         True,'MAX_CONTENT_LENGTH':                   None,'SEND_FILE_MAX_AGE_DEFAULT':            timedelta(hours=12),'TRAP_BAD_REQUEST_ERRORS':              False,'TRAP_HTTP_EXCEPTIONS':                 False,'EXPLAIN_TEMPLATE_LOADING':             False,'PREFERRED_URL_SCHEME':                 'http','JSON_AS_ASCII':                        True,'JSON_SORT_KEYS':                       True,'JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR':          True,'JSONIFY_MIMETYPE':                     'application/json','TEMPLATES_AUTO_RELOAD':                None,}方式一：app.config['DEBUG'] = TruePS： 由于Config对象本质上是字典，所以还可以使用app.config.update(...)方式二：app.config.from_pyfile("python文件名称")如：settings.pyDEBUG = Trueapp.config.from_pyfile("settings.py")app.config.from_envvar("环境变量名称")环境变量的值为python文件名称名称，内部调用from_pyfile方法app.config.from_json("json文件名称")JSON文件名称，必须是json格式，因为内部会执行json.loadsapp.config.from_mapping({'DEBUG':True})字典格式app.config.from_object("python类或类的路径")app.config.from_object('pro_flask.settings.TestingConfig')settings.pyclass Config(object):DEBUG = FalseTESTING = FalseDATABASE_URI = 'sqlite://:memory:'class ProductionConfig(Config):DATABASE_URI = 'mysql://user@localhost/foo'class DevelopmentConfig(Config):DEBUG = Trueclass TestingConfig(Config):TESTING = TruePS: 从sys.path中已经存在路径开始写PS: settings.py文件默认路径要放在程序root_path目录，如果instance_relative_config为True，则就是instance_path目录

路由

• @app.route(’/user/’)
• @app.route(’/post/int:post_id’)
• @app.route(’/post/float:post_id’)
• @app.route(’/post/path:path’)
• @app.route(’/login’, methods=[‘GET’, ‘POST’])

常用路由系统有以上五种，所有的路由系统都是基于一下对应关系来处理：

DEFAULT_CONVERTERS = {'default':          UnicodeConverter,'string':           UnicodeConverter,'any':              AnyConverter,'path':             PathConverter,'int':              IntegerConverter,'float':            FloatConverter,'uuid':             UUIDConverter,
}

注册路由原理

def auth(func):def inner(*args, **kwargs):print('before')result = func(*args, **kwargs)print('after')return resultreturn inner@app.route('/index.html',methods=['GET','POST'],endpoint='index')@authdef index():return 'Index'或def index():return "Index"self.add_url_rule(rule='/index.html', endpoint="index", view_func=index, methods=["GET","POST"])orapp.add_url_rule(rule='/index.html', endpoint="index", view_func=index, methods=["GET","POST"])app.view_functions['index'] = index或def auth(func):def inner(*args, **kwargs):print('before')result = func(*args, **kwargs)print('after')return resultreturn innerclass IndexView(views.View):methods = ['GET']decorators = [auth, ]def dispatch_request(self):print('Index')return 'Index!'app.add_url_rule('/index', view_func=IndexView.as_view(name='index'))  # name=endpoint或class IndexView(views.MethodView):methods = ['GET']decorators = [auth, ]def get(self):return 'Index.GET'def post(self):return 'Index.POST'app.add_url_rule('/index', view_func=IndexView.as_view(name='index'))  # name=endpoint@app.route和app.add_url_rule参数：rule,                       URL规则view_func,                  视图函数名称defaults=None,              默认值,当URL中无参数，函数需要参数时，使用defaults={'k':'v'}为函数提供参数endpoint=None,              名称，用于反向生成URL，即： url_for('名称')methods=None,               允许的请求方式，如：["GET","POST"]strict_slashes=None,        对URL最后的 / 符号是否严格要求，如：@app.route('/index',strict_slashes=False)，访问 http://www.xx.com/index/ 或 http://www.xx.com/index均可@app.route('/index',strict_slashes=True)仅访问 http://www.xx.com/index redirect_to=None,           重定向到指定地址如：@app.route('/index/<int:nid>', redirect_to='/home/<nid>')或def func(adapter, nid):return "/home/888"@app.route('/index/<int:nid>', redirect_to=func)subdomain=None,             子域名访问from flask import Flask, views, url_forapp = Flask(import_name=__name__)app.config['SERVER_NAME'] = 'wupeiqi.com:5000'@app.route("/", subdomain="admin")def static_index():"""Flask supports static subdomainsThis is available at static.your-domain.tld"""return "static.your-domain.tld"@app.route("/dynamic", subdomain="<username>")def username_index(username):"""Dynamic subdomains are also supportedTry going to user1.your-domain.tld/dynamic"""return username + ".your-domain.tld"if __name__ == '__main__':app.run()

自定义正则匹配

 from flask import Flask, views, url_forfrom werkzeug.routing import BaseConverterapp = Flask(import_name=__name__)class RegexConverter(BaseConverter):"""自定义URL匹配正则表达式"""def __init__(self, map, regex):super(RegexConverter, self).__init__(map)self.regex = regexdef to_python(self, value):"""路由匹配时，匹配成功后传递给视图函数中参数的值:param value: :return: """return int(value)def to_url(self, value):"""使用url_for反向生成URL时，传递的参数经过该方法处理，返回的值用于生成URL中的参数:param value: :return: """val = super(RegexConverter, self).to_url(value)return val# 添加到flask中app.url_map.converters['regex'] = RegexConverter@app.route('/index/<regex("\d+"):nid>')def index(nid):print(url_for('index', nid='888'))return 'Index'if __name__ == '__main__':app.run()