在上一章节中，我带大家学习了SpringBoot中如何发送各种类型的邮件，接下来我再带大家实现一下，在实际开发中的邮件发送功能。

需求分析：
很多网站注册时，都会给我们的注册邮箱发送一封激活邮件，里面是一串连接，点击链接激活之后才可以登录，今天咱们就实现这个功能。

一. 发送激活邮件实现步骤

1. 创建web项目

我们按照之前的经验，创建一个web程序，并将之改造成Spring Boot项目，具体过程略。

2. 添加依赖包

<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><!--MySQL--><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope></dependency><!--Druid数据库连接池--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.1.10</version></dependency><!--邮件--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId></dependency><!--thymeleaf--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency>

3. 创建application.yml配置文件

把配置文件中关于数据库等的配置，全部改写成自己的配置信息。

spring:http:encoding:charset: UTF-8force: trueenabled: truedatasource:url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db6?characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTCusername: rootpassword: sycdriverClassName: com.mysql.jdbc.Drivertype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourcejpa:database: mysqlshow-sql: truehibernate:ddl-auto: updatenaming:physical-strategy: org.hibernate.boot.model.naming.PhysicalNamingStrategyStandardImpldatabase-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect#页面模板配置  thymeleaf:prefix: classpath:/templates/suffix: .htmlmail:host: smtp.qq.comfrom: 2312119590@qq.comusername: 2312119590@qq.compassword: xxx(自己的授权码)protocol: smtpdefault-encoding: UTF-8
server:tomcat:uri-encoding: UTF-8

4. 封装User实体类

package com.yyg.boot.entity;import lombok.Data;import javax.persistence.*;
import java.io.Serializable;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Data
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User implements Serializable {@Id@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)private Integer id;private String username;private String password;@Column(name = "usermail")private String userMail;/*** 状态：0代表未激活，1代表激活*/private Integer status;/*** 用UUID生成一段数字,发送到用户邮箱，当用户点击链接时,再做一个校验,* 如果用户传来的code跟我们发送的code一致，则更改状态为“1”来激活用户.*/private String  code;}

5. 配置数据源

package com.yyg.boot.config;import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Configuration
public class DataSourceConfig {@Bean@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")public DruidDataSource druidConfig(){return new DruidDataSource();}}

6. 创建JPA的仓库类

package com.yyg.boot.repository;import com.yyg.boot.entity.User;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Repository
public interface UserRepository  extends JpaRepository<User,Integer>,JpaSpecificationExecutor<User> {User findUserByCode(String code);User findByUsernameAndPassword(String username,String password);}

7. 创建生成UUID的工具类

package com.yyg.boot.utils;import java.util.UUID;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
public class UUIDUtil {public static String getUUID(){return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","");}}

8. 定义发送邮件的工具类

定义发送邮件工具类接口

package com.yyg.boot.mail;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description 封装一个发邮件的接口，方便后边直接调用.*/
public interface IMailService {/*** 发送文本邮件** @param to      收件人* @param subject 主题* @param content 内容*/void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content);/*** 发送HTML邮件** @param to      收件人* @param subject 主题* @param content 内容*/void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content);/*** 发送带附件的邮件** @param to       收件人* @param subject  主题* @param content  内容* @param filePath 附件*/void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath);/*** 发送模板邮件* @param to 收件人* @param subject 主题* @param fileName 邮件模板文件名称* @param model 邮件数据载体*/void sendModelMail(String to, String subject, String fileName, Object model);}

实现发送邮件工具类

package com.yyg.boot.mail.impl;import com.yyg.boot.mail.IMailService;
import freemarker.template.Configuration;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Slf4j
@Service
public class IMailServiceImpl implements IMailService {/*** Spring Boot 提供了一个发送邮件的简单抽象，使用的是下面这个接口，这里直接注入即可使用*/@Autowiredprivate JavaMailSender mailSender;@Autowiredprivate Configuration configuration;/*** 配置文件中我的qq邮箱*/@Value("${spring.mail.from}")private String from;/*** 简单文本邮件** @param to      收件人* @param subject 主题* @param content 内容*/@Overridepublic void sendSimpleMail(String to, String subject, String content) {//创建SimpleMailMessage对象SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();//邮件发送人message.setFrom(from);//邮件接收人message.setTo(to);//邮件主题message.setSubject(subject);//邮件内容message.setText(content);//发送邮件mailSender.send(message);}/*** html邮件** @param to      收件人* @param subject 主题* @param content 内容*/@Overridepublic void sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {//获取MimeMessage对象MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();MimeMessageHelper messageHelper;try {messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);//邮件发送人messageHelper.setFrom(from);//邮件接收人messageHelper.setTo(to);//邮件主题message.setSubject(subject);//邮件内容，html格式messageHelper.setText(content, true);//发送mailSender.send(message);//日志信息log.info("邮件已经发送...");} catch (MessagingException e) {log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);}}/*** 带附件的邮件* @param to       收件人* @param subject  主题* @param content  内容* @param filePath 附件*/@Overridepublic void sendAttachmentsMail(String to, String subject, String content, String filePath) {MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();try {MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);helper.setFrom(from);helper.setTo(to);helper.setSubject(subject);helper.setText(content, true);//FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File(filePath));ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(filePath);FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(resource.getFile());helper.addAttachment(Objects.requireNonNull(file.getFilename()), file);//可以同时添加多个附件,只需要在这里直接添加第2,第3...附件就行了.//helper.addAttachment(fileName2, file2);mailSender.send(message);//日志信息log.info("邮件已经发送...");} catch (MessagingException e) {log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);}}@Overridepublic void sendModelMail(String to, String subject, String fileName, Object model) {MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();try {MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);helper.setFrom(from);helper.setTo(to);helper.setSubject(subject);Template template = configuration.getTemplate(fileName);String html = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template, model);helper.setText(html, true);mailSender.send(mimeMessage);//日志信息log.info("邮件已经发送...");} catch (MessagingException e) {log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);} catch (TemplateException e) {e.printStackTrace();log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

9. 定义Service及其实现

定义UserService接口

package com.yyg.boot.service;import com.yyg.boot.entity.User;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
public interface UserService {/*** 用户注册,* @param user*/void register(User user);/*** 根据激活码code查询用户，之后再进行修改状态*/User checkCode(String code);/*** 激活账户，修改用户状态为“1”*/void updateUserStatus(User user);/*** 登录*/User login(User user);}

定义UserServiceImpl实现

package com.yyg.boot.service.impl;import com.yyg.boot.entity.User;
import com.yyg.boot.mail.IMailService;
import com.yyg.boot.repository.UserRepository;
import com.yyg.boot.service.UserService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserRepository userDao;/*** 注入邮件接口*/@Autowiredprivate IMailService mailService;/*** 用户注册，同时发送一封激活邮件*/@Overridepublic void register(User user) {userDao.save(user);//获取激活码String code = user.getCode();log.warn("code:"+code);//主题String subject = "来自一一哥网站的激活邮件";//user/checkCode?code=code(激活码)是我们点击邮件链接之后根据激活码查询用户，如果存在说明一致，将用户状态修改为“1”激活//上面的激活码发送到用户注册邮箱//注意:此处的链接地址,是项目内部地址,如果我们没有正式的服务器地址,暂时无法从qq邮箱中跳转到我们自己项目的激活页面String context = "<a href=\"http://localhost:8080/user/checkCode?code="+code+"\">激活请点击:"+code+"</a>";//发送激活邮件mailService.sendHtmlMail (user.getUserMail(),subject,context);}/*** 根据激活码code进行查询用户，之后再进行修改状态*/@Overridepublic User checkCode(String code) {return userDao.findUserByCode(code);}/*** 激活账户，修改用户状态*/@Overridepublic void updateUserStatus(User user) {userDao.saveAndFlush(user);}/*** 登录*/@Overridepublic User login(User user) {User u = userDao.findByUsernameAndPassword(user.getUsername(),user.getPassword());if (u !=null){return u;}return null;}}

10. 定义跳转到首页面的接口

package com.yyg.boot.web;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Controller
public class IndexController {@RequestMapping(value = "/")public String index(){return "index";}}

11. 定义核心业务接口

package com.yyg.boot.web;import com.yyg.boot.entity.User;
import com.yyg.boot.service.UserService;
import com.yyg.boot.utils.UUIDUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;/*** 注册*/@PostMapping(value = "/registerUser")public String register(User user){user.setStatus(0);String code = UUIDUtil.getUUID();user.setCode(code);userService.register(user);return "success";}/*** 校验邮箱中的code激活账户* 首先根据激活码code查询用户，之后再把状态修改为"1"*/@GetMapping(value = "/checkCode")public String checkCode(String code){User user = userService.checkCode(code);//如果用户不等于null，把用户状态修改status=1if (user !=null){user.setStatus(1);//把code验证码清空，已经不需要了user.setCode("");userService.updateUserStatus(user);}return "login";}/*** 跳转到登录页面* @return login*/@GetMapping(value = "/loginPage")public String login(){return "login";}/*** 登录*/@RequestMapping(value = "/loginUser")public String login(User user){User u = userService.login(user);if (u !=null){return "welcome";}return "login";}}

12. 创建html页面

index.html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/user/registerUser" method="post">用户名：<input type="text" id="username" name="username"/><br>密码：<input type="password" id="password" name="password"/><br>邮箱：<input type="email" id="usermail" name="userMail"><br><input type="submit" value="注册">
</form>
<a href="/user/loginPage">登录</a>
</body>
</html>

login.html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/user/loginUser" method="post">用户名：<input type="text" id="username" name="username"/><br>密码：<input type="password" id="password" name="password"/><br><input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

success.html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>注册成功</title>
</head>
<body>
前往邮箱激活账户
</body>
</html>

welcome.html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>欢迎</title>
</head>
<body>
登录成功
</body>
</html>

13. 创建入口类

package com.yyg.boot;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;/*** @Author 一一哥Sun* @Date Created in 2020/4/20* @Description Description*/
@SpringBootApplication
public class CheckMailApplication {public static void main(String[] args){SpringApplication.run(CheckMailApplication.class,args);}}

14. 完整项目结构

15. 启动程序，进行测试

进入首页面

在首页面里面可以注册一个新用户

注册成功

可以看到数据库中有了一个新的用户。

并且邮箱中也收到了激活邮件。

注意：

因为我们的项目并没有上线，激活链接属于项目内部链接，而腾讯邮箱属于外包应用，所以暂时无法实现跳转。等后续项目上线，有了真正的服务器地址，可以把邮件链接改成自己的服务器地址，就可以实现跳转，然后修改自己数据库中用户的状态值了。
咱们的案例中仅做演示，逻辑是没问题的！