1、编写一个简单的鼠标打飞碟（Hit UFO）游戏

游戏内容要求：

• 游戏有 n 个 round，每个 round 都包括10 次 trial；
• 每个 trial 的飞碟的色彩、大小、发射位置、速度、角度、同时出现的个数都可能不同。它们由该 round 的 ruler 控制；
• 每个 trial 的飞碟有随机性，总体难度随 round 上升；
• 鼠标点中得分，得分规则按色彩、大小、速度不同计算，规则可自由设定。

游戏的要求：

• 使用带缓存的工厂模式管理不同飞碟的生产与回收，该工厂必须是场景单实例的！具体实现见参考资源 Singleton 模板类
• 尽可能使用前面 MVC 结构实现人机交互与游戏模型分离

游戏的设计

1. 先弄好一个飞碟预制，并加上Physcis中的Rigidbody组件，在Inspector中勾选Use Gravity，使得物体的运动受重力影响。

2. 导演类、飞碟属性类、场景控制接口跟上一次的牧师与魔鬼没什么区别

3. 工厂：用工厂模式来管理飞碟的生产与回收。由于需要使用带缓存的工厂，所以使用两个list来储存正在使用的飞碟与未使用的飞碟。控制飞碟的初始化。

public class DiskFactory : MonoBehaviour
{private List<Disk> toDelete = new List<Disk>();private List<Disk> toUse = new List<Disk>();public Color[] colors = {Color.white,Color.yellow,Color.red,Color.blue,Color.green,Color.black};//可选颜色public GameObject GetDisk(int round){//根据回合数对飞碟设置属性并返回GameObject newDisk = null;if (toUse.Count > 0){newDisk = toUse[0].gameObject;toUse.Remove(toUse[0]);}else{newDisk = GameObject.Instantiate<GameObject>(Resources.Load<GameObject>("Prefabs/disk"), Vector3.zero, Quaternion.identity);newDisk.AddComponent<Disk>();}// 飞碟的速度为round*7newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>().speed = 7.0f * round;// 飞碟随round越来越小newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>().size = (1 - round*0.1f);// 飞碟颜色随机int color = UnityEngine.Random.Range(0, 6);//共有六种颜色newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>().color = colors[color];// 飞碟的发射方向float RanX = UnityEngine.Random.Range(-1, 3) < 1 ? -1 : 1;//-1，0则为负方向，1，2则为正方向newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>().direction = new Vector3(-RanX, UnityEngine.Random.Range(-2f, 2f), 0);// 飞碟的初始位置newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>().position = new Vector3(RanX*13, UnityEngine.Random.Range(-2f, 2f), UnityEngine.Random.Range(-1f, 1f));toDelete.Add(newDisk.GetComponent<Disk>());newDisk.SetActive(false);newDisk.name = newDisk.GetInstanceID().ToString();return newDisk;}public void FreeDisk(GameObject disk){Disk cycledDisk = null;foreach (Disk toCycle in toDelete){if (disk.GetInstanceID() == toCycle.gameObject.GetInstanceID()){cycledDisk = toCycle;}}if (cycledDisk != null){cycledDisk.gameObject.SetActive(false);toUse.Add(cycledDisk);toDelete.Remove(cycledDisk);}}
}

4. 动作管理ActionManager.cs：管理飞碟的运动以及与用户交互：每当有光标拾取到飞碟时，分数加一，飞碟消失。

public class ActionManager : MonoBehaviour
{public Vector3 direction;//运动方向public float speed;//初速度public GameObject cam;public void diskFly(Vector3 direction,float speed){//赋予飞碟初速度和方向this.direction = direction;this.speed = speed;}// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){cam = GameObject.Find("Main Camera");}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){this.gameObject.transform.position += speed * direction * Time.deltaTime;if (Input.GetButtonDown("Fire1")){   //光标拾取物体的结果，即鼠标集中飞碟的结果Debug.Log("Fired Pressed");Debug.Log(Input.mousePosition);Vector3 mp = Input.mousePosition; //get Screen Position//create ray, origin is camera, and direction to mousepointCamera ca;if (cam != null) ca = cam.GetComponent<Camera>();else ca = Camera.main;Ray ray = ca.ScreenPointToRay(Input.mousePosition);//Return the ray's hitsRaycastHit[] hits = Physics.RaycastAll(ray);foreach (RaycastHit hit in hits){print(hit.transform.gameObject.name);if (hit.collider.gameObject.tag.Contains("Finish")){ //plane tagDebug.Log("hit " + hit.collider.gameObject.name + "!");}Singleton<DiskFactory>.Instance.FreeDisk(hit.transform.gameObject);//飞碟消失//this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().score ++;//SceneController.getInstance().addScore();Director.getInstance ().currentSceneController.getSceneController().addScore();//分数加一}}}
}

5. 场景控制FirstSceneController.cs：第一场景控制器，负责控制游戏场景的加载和切换。

public class Singleton<T> : MonoBehaviour where T : MonoBehaviour
{protected static T instance;public static T Instance{get{if (instance == null){instance = (T)FindObjectOfType(typeof(T));if (instance == null) {  Debug.LogError ("An instance of " + typeof(T) +" is needed in the scene, but there is none.");  }  }return instance;}}
}public class FirstSceneController : MonoBehaviour, ISceneController{public int diskFlyTimes; //已经发射的飞碟个数，每回合10个，最多30个public float time;// 时间，用于控制飞碟发射间隔public int round;  // 当前回合数// 飞碟队列public Queue<GameObject> diskQueue = new Queue<GameObject>();//飞碟队列public SceneController  sceneCtrl;// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){// 当前场景控制器Director.getInstance().currentSceneController = this;this.gameObject.AddComponent<DiskFactory>();this.gameObject.AddComponent<UserGUI>();Director.getInstance().currentSceneController.Init();//初始化FirstSceneController相关数据}// 初始化每个回合的飞碟队列,每个回合的飞碟属性不同void initQueue(){for(int i = 0;i < 10;i ++)diskQueue.Enqueue(Singleton<DiskFactory>.Instance.GetDisk(round));}// Update is called once per framevoid Update() {// round = sceneCtrl.getRound();time += Time.deltaTime;// 发射飞碟的间隔回合数成反比if(time >= 2.0f-0.3*round){if(diskFlyTimes >= 30){//游戏结束Reset();}else if ((diskFlyTimes % 10) == 0 ){//更新回合（此步骤必须在发射飞碟前面）round ++;//在initQueue();前面才行sceneCtrl.addRound();//回合数增加initQueue();//初始化新的飞盘队列}if (diskFlyTimes < 30){time = 0;ThrowDisk();//发射飞盘diskFlyTimes ++;//飞盘数增加sceneCtrl.addTotal();//综费盘数增加}}}public void ThrowDisk(){if(diskQueue.Count > 0){GameObject disk = diskQueue.Dequeue();disk.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = disk.GetComponent<Disk>().color;disk.transform.position = disk.GetComponent<Disk>().position;disk.transform.localScale = disk.GetComponent<Disk>().size * disk.transform.localScale;disk.SetActive(true);disk.AddComponent<ActionManager>();disk.GetComponent<ActionManager>().diskFly(disk.GetComponent<Disk>().direction, disk.GetComponent<Disk>().speed);}}public void Init(){sceneCtrl = new SceneController();//SceneController元素归0diskFlyTimes = 0;time = 0;round = 0;diskQueue.Clear();//清空飞盘队列}public SceneController  getSceneController(){return sceneCtrl;}void Reset(){this.gameObject.GetComponent<UserGUI>().reset = 1;}
}

6. 场景控制SceneController.cs：控制游戏的输出信息：回合数，总飞碟数，所得分数

public class SceneController
{public int round ;  //回合数public int total ;  //总飞碟数public int score ;//得到的分数private static SceneController sceneCtrl;public SceneController() {//用于SceneController归0score = 0;total = 0;score = 0;}public static SceneController getInstance(){if (sceneCtrl == null){sceneCtrl = new SceneController();}return sceneCtrl;}public void addRound(){round++;}public void addTotal(){total++;}public void addScore(){score++;}public int getRound(){return round;}public int getTotal() {return total;}public int getScore() {return score;}
}

7. UserGUI.cs负责输出提示信息，包括回合数，未击中飞碟数,分数,以及在游戏结束时输出重新开始的按钮。

public class UserGUI : MonoBehaviour
{public int reset;GUIStyle style; GUIStyle buttonStyle;// Start is called before the first frame updatevoid Start(){reset = 0;style = new GUIStyle();style.fontSize = 30；style.normal.textColor = Color.red;// buttonStyle = new GUIStyle("button");buttonStyle.fontSize = 30;buttonStyle.normal.textColor = Color.red;//}// Update is called once per framevoid Update(){}{if(reset == 1){if(GUI.Button(new Rect(380, 250, 100, 80), "Reset",buttonStyle)){Director.getInstance().currentSceneController.Init();reset = 0;}}int round = Director.getInstance().currentSceneController.getSceneController().getRound();int total = Director.getInstance().currentSceneController.getSceneController().getTotal();int score = Director.getInstance().currentSceneController.getSceneController().getScore();int miss = total - score;//未击中的飞碟数string text = "Round: " + round.ToString() + "\nMiss:  " + miss.ToString() + "\nScores:  " + score.ToString();GUI.Label(new Rect(10, 10, Screen.width, 50),text,style);      }
}

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