1.镜像命令

1.1 搜索镜像

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search ubuntu
NAME                                                      DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
ubuntu                                                    Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   11111               [OK]
dorowu/ubuntu-desktop-lxde-vnc                            Docker image to provide HTML5 VNC interface …   444                                     [OK]
rastasheep/ubuntu-sshd                                    Dockerized SSH service, built on top of offi…   245                                     [OK]
consol/ubuntu-xfce-vnc                                    Ubuntu container with "headless" VNC session…   221                                     [OK]
ubuntu-upstart                                            Upstart is an event-based replacement for th…   110                 [OK]
ansible/ubuntu14.04-ansible                               Ubuntu 14.04 LTS with ansible                   98                                      [OK]

docker search [options] keyword：搜索指定包含关键词的镜像

name：镜像名称，唯一标识一组镜像

description：镜像描述

stars：收藏数

official：是否官方创建

automated：是否自动构建

1.1.1 选项列表

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search --helpUsage:  docker search [OPTIONS] TERMSearch the Docker Hub for imagesOptions:-f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided--format string   Pretty-print search using a Go template--limit int       Max number of search results (default 25)--no-trunc        Don't truncate output

1.1.2 -f, --filter过滤输出结果

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search -f is-official=true ubuntu
NAME                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
ubuntu               Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   11111               [OK]
ubuntu-upstart       Upstart is an event-based replacement for th…   110                 [OK]
neurodebian          NeuroDebian provides neuroscience research s…   68                  [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap   debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m…   44                  [OK]

1.1.3 --format美化输出结果

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search -f is-official=true --format "{{.Name}},{{.StarCount}},{{.IsOfficial}},{{.IsAutomated}}"  ubuntu
ubuntu,11111,[OK],
ubuntu-upstart,110,[OK],
neurodebian,68,[OK],
ubuntu-debootstrap,44,[OK],

使用的字段要以{{.<<field name>>}}格式包含在格式化字符串里，字段列表为：

1.1.4 --limit限制输出数量

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search -f is-official=true --limit 2  ubuntu
NAME                 DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
ubuntu               Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating sys…   11111               [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap   debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=m…   44                  [OK]

1.1.5 --no-trunc不要截断输出

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker search -f is-official=true --limit 2 --no-trunc ubuntu
NAME                 DESCRIPTION                                                                                            STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
ubuntu               Ubuntu is a Debian-based Linux operating system based on free software.                                11111               [OK]
ubuntu-debootstrap   debootstrap --variant=minbase --components=main,universe --include=inetutils-ping,iproute2 <suite> /   44                  [OK]

可以看到上面的描述字段是被截断的，最后以...显示

1.2 拉取镜像

拉取就是下载镜像，拉取时可以指定镜像标签，如果不指定则为latest，即最后发布

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker pull ubuntu
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/ubuntu
692c352adcf2: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           97058a342707: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           2821b8e766f4: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                          4e643cc37772: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                          Digest: sha256:55cd38b70425947db71112eb5dddfa3aa3e3ce307754a3df2269069d2278ce47
Status: Downloaded newer image for ubuntu:latest
docker.io/library/ubuntu:latest

docker pull <image>:<tag>：拉取指定名称的镜像，可以指定镜像标签，如果不指定，则默认为latest，即最后发布版本

Using default tag：latest说明拉取时未指定标签，则使用latest标签

library/ubuntu：拉取的仓库，仓库名称可以是分级的

692c352adcf2: Pull complete：拉取是分层拉取的，每一层分别拉取，层可以在不同版本之间共享

1.2.1 拉取选项

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker pull --helpUsage:  docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]Pull an image or a repository from a registryOptions:-a, --all-tags                Download all tagged images in the repository--disable-content-trust   Skip image verification (default true)-q, --quiet                   Suppress verbose output

1.2.2 -a,--all-tags拉取所有标签镜像

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker pull -a ubuntu
10.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
Image docker.io/library/ubuntu:10.04 uses outdated schema1 manifest format. Please upgrade to a schema2 image for better future compatibility. More information at https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/deprecated-schema-v1/
a3ed95caeb02: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           86b54f4b6a4e: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           Digest: sha256:f6695b2d24dd2e1da0a79fa72459e33505da79939c13ce50e90675c32988ab64
12.04.5: Pulling from library/ubuntu
d8868e50ac4c: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           83251ac64627: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           589bba2f1b36: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           d62ecaceda39: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           6d93b41cfc6b: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           Digest: sha256:18305429afa14ea462f810146ba44d4363ae76e4c8dfc38288cf73aa07485005
12.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
Digest: sha256:18305429afa14ea462f810146ba44d4363ae76e4c8dfc38288cf73aa07485005
12.10: Pulling from library/ubuntu
Image docker.io/library/ubuntu:12.10 uses outdated schema1 manifest format. Please upgrade to a schema2 image for better future compatibility. More information at https://docs.docker.com/registry/spec/deprecated-schema-v1/
a3ed95caeb02: Already exists                                                                                                                                                                          b3d68acd1381: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           6b4d7481ec7a: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           6256ff031770: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           1a0d911d83d1: Pull complete                                                                                                                                                                           Digest: sha256:002fba3e3255af10be97ea26e476692a7ebed0bb074a9ab960b2e7a1526b15d7
13.04: Pulling from library/ubuntu
......

可以看到，拉取时会一个个标签的拉取，从第一个开始到最后一个

1.3 列出当前镜像

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG                                              IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker/getting-started          latest                                           be9b467ffb6c        5 days ago          26.5MB
ubuntu                          latest                                           adafef2e596e        7 days ago          73.9MB
docker/desktop-kubernetes       kubernetes-v1.16.5-cni-v0.7.5-critools-v1.15.0   a86647f0b376        5 months ago        279MB
docker/kube-compose-installer   v0.4.25-alpha1                                   2a71ac5a1359        8 months ago        42.3MB
ubuntu                          12.04                                            5b117edd0b76        3 years ago         104MB
ubuntu                          12.04.5                                          5b117edd0b76        3 years ago         104MB
ubuntu                          14.04.3                                          3876b81b5a81        4 years ago         188MB
ubuntu                          14.04.2                                          44ae5d2a191e        4 years ago         188MB
ubuntu                          14.04.1                                          ab1bd63e0321        5 years ago         188MB
ubuntu                          12.10                                            3e314f95dcac        6 years ago         172MB
ubuntu                          13.04                                            a58cd502f927        6 years ago         169MB
ubuntu                          13.10                                            7f020f7bf345        6 years ago         185MB
ubuntu                          10.04                                            e21dbcc7c9de        6 years ago         183MB

docker  images  <image>:<tag>：可以列出当前docker服务下的镜像列表，每个镜像不同的tag会最为单独的一项列出，可以指定镜像

repository：镜像仓库，一个仓库代表一个项目，可以分级别

tag：镜像标签，按照版本区分，最后一个版本为latest

image id：镜像ID，标识符

created：镜像创建时间

size：镜像大小

1.3.1 查看选项

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images --helpUsage:  docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]List imagesOptions:-a, --all             Show all images (default hides intermediate images)--digests         Show digests-f, --filter filter   Filter output based on conditions provided--format string   Pretty-print images using a Go template--no-trunc        Don't truncate output-q, --quiet           Only show numeric IDs

1.3.2 -a, --all列出所有镜像，默认隐藏中间镜像

1.3.3 --digests列出镜像摘要签名

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images --digests
REPOSITORY                      TAG                                              DIGEST                                                                    IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
docker/getting-started          latest                                           sha256:7973be033afbae8b6911a7b17311a315d7ec1e70e3b80749a09ed569a7a43a0f   be9b467ffb6c        5 days ago          26.5MB
ubuntu                          latest                                           sha256:55cd38b70425947db71112eb5dddfa3aa3e3ce307754a3df2269069d2278ce47   adafef2e596e        7 days ago          73.9MB
......

1.3.4 -q, --quiet只显示数字ID

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images --quiet
be9b467ffb6c
adafef2e596e
a86647f0b376
2a71ac5a1359
5b117edd0b76
5b117edd0b76
3876b81b5a81
44ae5d2a191e
ab1bd63e0321
3e314f95dcac
a58cd502f927
7f020f7bf345
e21dbcc7c9de

1.3.5 列出指定仓库镜像

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images ubuntu
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              latest              adafef2e596e        7 days ago          73.9MB
ubuntu              12.04               5b117edd0b76        3 years ago         104MB
ubuntu              12.04.5             5b117edd0b76        3 years ago         104MB
ubuntu              14.04.3             3876b81b5a81        4 years ago         188MB
ubuntu              14.04.2             44ae5d2a191e        4 years ago         188MB
ubuntu              14.04.1             ab1bd63e0321        5 years ago         188MB
ubuntu              12.10               3e314f95dcac        6 years ago         172MB
ubuntu              13.04               a58cd502f927        6 years ago         169MB
ubuntu              13.10               7f020f7bf345        6 years ago         185MB
ubuntu              10.04               e21dbcc7c9de        6 years ago         183MB

1.3.6 列出指定标签镜像

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker images ubuntu:12.04
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
ubuntu              12.04               5b117edd0b76        3 years ago         104MB

1.4 查看镜像详情

PS C:\Users\ASUS\Desktop> docker inspect ubuntu
[{"Id": "sha256:adafef2e596ef06ec2112bc5a9663c6a4f59a3dfd4243c9cabe06c8748e7f288","RepoTags": ["ubuntu:latest"],"RepoDigests": ["ubuntu@sha256:55cd38b70425947db71112eb5dddfa3aa3e3ce307754a3df2269069d2278ce47"],"Parent": "","Comment": "","Created": "2020-07-06T21:56:31.471255509Z","Container": "6255a9da773a5e0438e3c097b876a2de65d33f3fb57c4e515faed215d17b8b5d","ContainerConfig": {"Hostname": "6255a9da773a","Domainname": "","User": "","AttachStdin": false,"AttachStdout": false,"AttachStderr": false,"Tty": false,"OpenStdin": false,"StdinOnce": false,"Env": ["PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"],"Cmd": ["/bin/sh","-c","#(nop) ","CMD [\"/bin/bash\"]"],"ArgsEscaped": true,"Image": "sha256:8437baa15ca1576161e9e3f0981298a9c8f0c027e2f86b8d4336bb0d54c2896a","Volumes": null,"WorkingDir": "","Entrypoint": null,"OnBuild": null,"Labels": {}},"DockerVersion": "18.09.7","Author": "","Config": {"Hostname": "","Domainname": "","User": "","AttachStdin": false,"AttachStdout": false,"AttachStderr": false,"Tty": false,"OpenStdin": false,"StdinOnce": false,"Env": ["PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"],"Cmd": ["/bin/bash"],"ArgsEscaped": true,"Image": "sha256:8437baa15ca1576161e9e3f0981298a9c8f0c027e2f86b8d4336bb0d54c2896a","Volumes": null,"WorkingDir": "","Entrypoint": null,"OnBuild": null,"Labels": null},"Architecture": "amd64","Os": "linux","Size": 73858282,"VirtualSize": 73858282,"GraphDriver": {"Data": {"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7b2df89681d33a927a2be8430ccce4915c2069bab23eb8b81275db81e86eeedd/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/799109177aed26c0e0aee478476a131b1a3a15a82c39917d22d72c2846d2c883/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ad7a6aa29626c1854e255db2b5a8dbd24fa114a6115bdc523f1858dbdb081b62/diff","MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d91a932c26ed89529592b950268097e6d50777ec9bada9eafcbc062f1d7fa13c/merged","UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d91a932c26ed89529592b950268097e6d50777ec9bada9eafcbc062f1d7fa13c/diff","WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d91a932c26ed89529592b950268097e6d50777ec9bada9eafcbc062f1d7fa13c/work"},"Name": "overlay2"},"RootFS": {"Type": "layers","Layers": ["sha256:d22cfd6a8b16689838c570b91794ed18acc752a08a10bce891cc64acc1533b3f","sha256:132bcd1e0eb5c706a017ff058b68d76c24f66f84120c51c7662de074a98cbe7a","sha256:cf0f3facc4a307e4c36e346ddb777a73e576393575043e89d2ea536b693c3ff5","sha256:544a70a875fc8e410b8a1389bf912e9536cf8167cbbfc1457bba355d5b7ce5c4"]},"Metadata": {"LastTagTime": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"}}
]

docker  inspect  <image>:<tag>：查看镜像详情，可以指定镜像标签，如果不指定，则默认为latest，即最后发布版本

1.5