代码篇

maven

		<!--XML解析--><dependency><groupId>org.dom4j</groupId><artifactId>dom4j</artifactId><version>2.1.1</version></dependency><!--websocket--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId><version>2.3.3.RELEASE</version></dependency>

application.yml

#微信配置
wechat:appId: 开发者idappSecret: 开发者秘钥token: 自定义token，例如：mytokenaccessTokenUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=%s&secret=%sticketUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/qrcode/create?access_token=%sqrCodeUrl: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket=%sshortUrl: https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/shorturl?access_token=%s

WeChatProperties.java

package com.qcn.common.config;import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/*** 读取微信配置文件*/
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties("wechat")
public class WeChatProperties {/*** 开发者id*/private String appId;/*** 开发者密码*/private String appSecret;/*** 微信公众号校验自定义设置的token*/private String token;/*** 获取accessToken的url*/private String accessTokenUrl;/*** 获取ticket的url*/private String ticketUrl;/*** 获取二维码url*/private String qrCodeUrl;/*** 长链接转短连接url*/private String shortUrl;public String getAppId() {return appId;}public void setAppId(String appId) {this.appId = appId;}public String getAppSecret() {return appSecret;}public void setAppSecret(String appSecret) {this.appSecret = appSecret;}public String getToken() {return token;}public void setToken(String token) {this.token = token;}public String getAccessTokenUrl() {return accessTokenUrl;}public void setAccessTokenUrl(String accessTokenUrl) {this.accessTokenUrl = accessTokenUrl;}public String getTicketUrl() {return ticketUrl;}public void setTicketUrl(String ticketUrl) {this.ticketUrl = ticketUrl;}public String getQrCodeUrl() {return qrCodeUrl;}public void setQrCodeUrl(String qrCodeUrl) {this.qrCodeUrl = qrCodeUrl;}public String getShortUrl() {return shortUrl;}public void setShortUrl(String shortUrl) {this.shortUrl = shortUrl;}
}

SHA1.java

package com.qcn.framework.api.wechat;import java.security.MessageDigest;/*** 加密*/
public class SHA1 {private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5','6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};private static String getFormattedText(byte[] bytes) {int len = bytes.length;StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(len * 2);for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {buf.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[j] >> 4) & 0x0f]);buf.append(HEX_DIGITS[bytes[j] & 0x0f]);}return buf.toString();}public static String encode(String str) {if (str == null) {return null;}try {MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");messageDigest.update(str.getBytes());return getFormattedText(messageDigest.digest());} catch (Exception e) {throw new RuntimeException(e);}}
}

WeChatUtils.java

package com.qcn.framework.api.wechat;import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.SocketTimeoutException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;public class WeChatUtils {private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeChatUtils.class);/*** 向指定 URL 发送GET方法的请求* @param url 发送请求的完整URL,应该是 http://127.0.0.1?name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式* @return*/public static String sendGet(String url){StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();BufferedReader in = null;try{log.info("开始get请求： {}", url);URL realUrl = new URL(url);URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");connection.connect();in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));String line;while ((line = in.readLine()) != null){result.append(line);}log.info("get请求成功 ： {}", result);}catch (ConnectException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendGet ConnectException, url=" + url, e);}catch (SocketTimeoutException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendGet SocketTimeoutException, url=" + url, e);}catch (IOException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendGet IOException, url=" + url, e);}catch (Exception e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendGet Exception, url=" + url, e);}finally{try{if (in != null){in.close();}}catch (Exception ex){log.error("调用in.close Exception, url=" + url, ex);}}return result.toString();}/*** 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求** @param url 发送请求的 URL* @param param 请求参数，请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。* @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果*/public static String sendPost(String url, String param){PrintWriter out = null;BufferedReader in = null;StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();try{String urlNameString = url;log.info("开始post请求： {}", urlNameString);URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");conn.setRequestProperty("contentType", "utf-8");conn.setDoOutput(true);conn.setDoInput(true);out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());out.print(param);out.flush();in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));String line;while ((line = in.readLine()) != null){result.append(line);}log.info("post请求成功 ： {}", result);}catch (ConnectException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendPost ConnectException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e);}catch (SocketTimeoutException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendPost SocketTimeoutException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e);}catch (IOException e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendPost IOException, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e);}catch (Exception e){log.error("调用WeChatUtils.sendPost Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, e);}finally{try{if (out != null){out.close();}if (in != null){in.close();}}catch (IOException ex){log.error("调用in.close Exception, url=" + url + ",param=" + param, ex);}}return result.toString();}/*** xml解析* @param request* @return* @throws Exception*/public static Map<String, String> parseXml(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream();SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();Document document = reader.read(inputStream);Element root = document.getRootElement();List<Element> elementList = root.elements();for (Element e : elementList)map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());inputStream.close();return map;}/*** 校验签名* @param signature* @param timestamp* @param nonce* @param token* @return*/public static boolean checkSignature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce, String token) {String[] str = new String[]{token, timestamp, nonce};//排序Arrays.sort(str);//拼接字符串StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();for (int i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {buffer.append(str[i]);}//进行sha1加密String temp = SHA1.encode(buffer.toString());//与微信提供的signature进行匹对return signature.equals(temp);}
}

WeChatService.java

package com.qcn.framework.api.wechat;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.qcn.common.config.WeChatProperties;
import com.qcn.common.constant.CardConstants;
import com.qcn.common.core.redis.RedisCache;
import com.qcn.common.utils.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;/*** 微信服务处理*/
@Component
public class WeChatService {@Autowiredprivate RedisCache redisCache;@Autowiredprivate WeChatProperties weChatProperties;/*** 获取AccessToken，写入redis，比官方失效时间expires_in提前10分钟** @return*/public String getAccessToken() {String accessToken = redisCache.getCacheObject(CardConstants.ACCESS_TOKEN_KEY);if (StringUtils.isBlank(accessToken)) {String url = String.format(weChatProperties.getAccessTokenUrl(), weChatProperties.getAppId(), weChatProperties.getAppSecret());String result = WeChatUtils.sendGet(url);JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);accessToken = jsonObject.getString("access_token");Integer expiresIn = jsonObject.getInteger("expires_in");redisCache.setCacheObject(CardConstants.ACCESS_TOKEN_KEY, accessToken, expiresIn - 600, TimeUnit.SECONDS);}return accessToken;}/*** 获取二维码地址url，写入redis，比官方失效时间expires_in提前10分钟* @return*/public String getQrCodeUrl() {String qrCodeUrl = redisCache.getCacheObject(CardConstants.QR_CODE_URL_KEY);if (StringUtils.isBlank(qrCodeUrl)) {//----获取的二维码ticket----String accessToken = getAccessToken();String url = String.format(weChatProperties.getTicketUrl(), accessToken);//{"expire_seconds": 604800, "action_name": "QR_SCENE", "action_info": {"scene": {"scene_id": 123}}}JSONObject params = new JSONObject();params.put("expire_seconds", 604800);//二维码有效时间(秒),最大不能超过30天params.put("action_name", "QR_SCENE");//二维码类型，QR_SCENE为临时的整型参数值JSONObject action_info = new JSONObject();//二维码详细信息JSONObject scene = new JSONObject();scene.put("scene_id", 7);//场景值ID，临时二维码时为32位非0整型action_info.put("scene", scene);params.put("action_info", action_info);String result = WeChatUtils.sendPost(url, params.toJSONString());JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);String ticket = jsonObject.getString("ticket");Integer expireSeconds = jsonObject.getInteger("expire_seconds");//该二维码有效时间，以秒为单位//---凭借此ticket可以在有效时间内换取二维码, https://mp.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/showqrcode?ticket=TICKET,TICKET记得进行UrlEncodetry {String encodeTicket = URLEncoder.encode(ticket, "UTF-8");String longUrl = String.format(weChatProperties.getQrCodeUrl(), encodeTicket);qrCodeUrl= getShortUrl(accessToken,longUrl);redisCache.setCacheObject(CardConstants.QR_CODE_URL_KEY,qrCodeUrl, expireSeconds - 600, TimeUnit.SECONDS);} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return qrCodeUrl;}private String getShortUrl(String accessToken, String longUrl) {if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(accessToken) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(longUrl)) {String url = String.format(weChatProperties.getShortUrl(), accessToken);JSONObject params = new JSONObject();params.put("action", "long2short");//固定值params.put("long_url", longUrl);String result = WeChatUtils.sendPost(url, params.toJSONString());JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(result);if (jsonObject.getInteger("errcode") == 0) {return jsonObject.getString("short_url");}}return longUrl;}
}

ApiWeChatController.java

package com.qcn.web.controller.api;import com.qcn.common.config.WeChatProperties;
import com.qcn.framework.api.wechat.WeChatService;
import com.qcn.framework.api.wechat.WeChatUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;/*** 微信相关接口*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/weChat")
public class ApiWeChatController {private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ApiWeChatController.class);@Autowiredprivate WeChatProperties weChatProperties;@Autowiredprivate WeChatService weChatService;/*** token校验** @param request* @param response* @throws UnsupportedEncodingException*/@GetMapping("/msgCallback")public void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {log.debug("开始校验token……");request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");String signature = request.getParameter("signature");//微信加密签名，signature结合了开发者填写的token参数和请求中的timestamp参数、nonce参数。String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");//时间戳String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");//随机数String echoStr = request.getParameter("echostr");//随机字符串PrintWriter out = null;try {out = response.getWriter();if (WeChatUtils.checkSignature(signature, timestamp, nonce, weChatProperties.getToken())) {out.write(echoStr);//校验成功原数据返回}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {out.close();}}/*** 消息回调** @param request* @throws Exception*/@PostMapping("/msgCallback")public void scanCodeCallback(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {log.debug("微信消息回调……");request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");Map<String, String> map = WeChatUtils.parseXml(request);log.info("回参map ： {}", map);String toUserName = map.get("ToUserName");//开发者微信号String openId = map.get("FromUserName");//发送方帐号（一个OpenID）String createTime = map.get("CreateTime");//消息创建时间String msgType = map.get("MsgType");//消息类型，eventString event = map.get("Event");//事件类型，未关注：subscribe；已关注：SCANString eventKey = map.get("EventKey");//未关注：事件KEY值，qrscene_为前缀，后面为二维码的参数值；已关注：事件KEY值，是一个32位无符号整数，即创建二维码时的二维码scene_idString ticket = map.get("Ticket");//二维码的ticket，可用来换取二维码图片if ("subscribe".equals(event)) {//1. 用户未关注时，进行关注后的事件推送//业务逻辑处理log.info("新关注");} else if ("SCAN".equals(event)) {//2. 用户已关注时的事件推送//业务逻辑处理log.info("已关注");}}/*** 获取二维码* @return*/@GetMapping("/getQrCodeUrl")public String getQrCodeUrl() {log.debug("开始获取二维码url……");String url = weChatService.getQrCodeUrl();log.debug("二维码url：" + url);return url;}
}

详细讲解篇

官方文档

先吐槽一下，做过微信对接的人，看微信文档应都是口吐芬芳吧…………………………

获取access_token

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Get_access_token.html

生成带参数的二维码

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Account_Management/Generating_a_Parametric_QR_Code.html

长链接转短连接

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Account_Management/URL_Shortener.html

接收事件推送-扫描带参数二维码事件

https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Message_Management/Receiving_event_pushes.html

微信公众平台接口调试工具

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/

微信公众号配置

微信扫码登录有两种方式：
1.微信扫一扫直接登录（这里是通过微信开放平台实现，请看另一篇博文）
2.微信扫一扫关注公众号登录（这里通过微信公众号实现，就是这篇博文的实现方式）

正确配置最终图：

一步一步操作：

服务器配置：

1. 启用
2. 修改配置

1. URL：项目的部署地址+controller的token校验方法路由，也就是token校验的完整访问路径
2. Token：自定义字符，例如mytoken，一定要与项目yml配置保持一致即可
3. EncodingAESKey：用默认的随机生成即可
4. 加解密方式：明文（在熟练之后再改为加密吧）

测试

由于买的域名已被上线项目占用，所以买了内网穿透natapp 官网，可以直接在本地测试

获取二维码：http://你的域名/weChat/getQrCodeUrl

展示二维码，微信客户端扫一扫，关注公众号微信回调

有待后续更新

1. 微信回调后实际业务处理
2. 接入WebSocket，实现前后端分离通信