原标题：留学英语：论文写作常用词汇

• 常用的动词：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide, list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe, …

• as从句： As shown in …/ As can be seen in …/ As revealed by …

引用/简述他人的研究/观点：

• XXX + Verb. + n./that … 其中Verb可以为：state, claim, argue, maintain, suggest, assert, hypothesize, conclude, describe, develop, propose, find, show, report, use, study, demonstrate, note, discuss, observe, explain, expand, publish, give, examine, analyze, focus, presume, speculate, assume, support, theorize, contend, recommend

• 其它：Based on …/ In the view of …/ According to …

表达可能性：

• It is certain that …

• It is almost certain that …

• It is very probable/ highly likely that …

• It is probable/likely that …

• It is possible that …

• It is unlikely that …

• It is very/highly unlikely that …

用于表达可能性的另一种途径：

• There is a definite possibility that …

• There is a strong possibility that …

• There is a good possibility that …

• There is a slight possibility that …

• There is little possibility that …

表示例外：

• With the exception of …

• Apart from …

• Except for …

表示原因/缘由：

• be due to

• be attibuted to

• be accounted for

• be a consequence of

• stem from

表示定义/命名：

• be named

• be called

• be denoted by

• be known as

• be defined as

• be referred to

引出设问句（不能直接使用设问句）：

• It is uncertain/unclear …

• It has not been determined …

• It is necessary to consider …

• The question remains …

• Current studies provide little information on …

• We need to know/consider …

• There is some question as to …

• Another issue raised by this study is …

指出问题所在：

• This system/process/idea has its problems.

• There remains the issue of reliability.

• This model has some serious liminations.

• Few solutions have been found to …

• Little progress has been made in …

• The problem remains as to how …

• Researchers still have to find a way to …

引出解决方案：

• Solutions to this problem are now widely discussed. One remedy is to …

• One method to address this difficulty is to …

• There are two possible ways of handling this problem. The first … The second …

• Several options are available to address this obstacle. However, the best one seems to be …

• A radically different design/model is needed to overcome this limitation.

• Recently, researchers have made significant progress in overcoming this difficulty by …

引出中心话题：

• Recently, there has been growing interest in …

• The possibility of … has generated wide interest in …

• The development of … is a classic problem in …

• The development of … has led to the hope that …

• The … has become a favorite topic for analysis …

• Knowledge of … has great importance for …

• The study of … has become an important aspect of …

• A central issue in … is …

• (The) … has been extensively studied in recent years.

• Many investigators have recently turned to …

• The relationship between … and … has been investigated by many researchers.

• Many recent studies have focused on …

表达相似之处：

• Similarly, …

• Likewise, …

• In the same fashion, …

• As in X, in Y …

• Like X, Y …

• The same …

• X is similar/comparable to Y

• X resemble Y

• X correspond to Y

表达不同之处或比较/对照：

• In contrast, …

• Unlike X, Y …

• In contrast to …

• On the other hand, …

• …; however, …

• …, but …

• Whereas/While …, …

• …, whereas/while …

• X differ from Y

• X is different from Y

• X contrast with

评价他人的研究/论著：

• 正面：useful, important, interesting, clarity, accessibility, detailed, up-to-date, insightful, significant, comprehensive, practical, successful, remarkable, impressive, elegant, scholoarly, original, perceptive, rigorous, economical

• 负面：inconsistent, restricted, misleading, thin, anecdotal, sloppy

总结：

• Overall, …

• In general, …

• On the whole, …

• In the main, …

• With … exception(s), …

• The overall results indicate …

• The results indicate, overall, that …

指出本研究的局限：

• It should be noted that this study has been primarily concerned with …

• This analysis has concentrated on …

• The findings of this study are restricted to …

• This study has addressed only the question of …

• The limination of this study are clear: …

• We would like to point out that we have not …

指出研究结果的局限：

• However, the findings do not imply …

• The results of this study cannot be taken as evidence for …

• Unfortunately, we are unable to determine from this data …

• The lack of … means that we cannot be certain …

指出本研究的意义：

• Notwithstanding its limitations, this study does suggest …

• Despite its preliminary character, the research reported here would seem to indicate …

• However exploratory, this study may offer some insight into …

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