1、用python来做一个蜘蛛程序抓取网页，有了urllib库，真是太简单了。另外网页的解析也有相应的库sgmllib可以使用。不过还不知道python的sgmllib有没有类似 Jtidy 的规范html代码的功能，或者是有另外的库来干这事。

比较有名气的：

Harvest Man------http://code.google.com/p/harvestman-crawler/

HarvestMan is a modular, extensible and flexible web crawler program cum framework written in pure Python. HarvestMan can be used to download files from websites according to a number of customized rules and constraints. It can be used to find information from websites matching keywords or regular expressions.

The final goal of the project is to develop a full-fledged semantic personal data mining platform which can be used to retrieve information from the Internet in a highly customizable manner, so that one can fetch information from the web the way he wants it, when he wants it. For this, HarvestMan project will provide support for Web 2.0 and 3.0 technologies such as RSS, RDF, OWL etc. （这个目标还真是大啊，要是真的可以做到那就真是牛逼。）

 

 

另外，还有一些小的项目，用Google code或者 sourceforge.net搜索，就可以找到。

举个例子：

http://code.google.com/p/supercrawler/

 

2、对pdf文件的操作，C++,c#和java都有一些开源的类库可以使用。比如：pdflib,itext,pdfclown,pdfbox.

他们可以实现pdf文件的解析，并实现pdf与rtf html xml等格式之间的相互转换。

今天发现了一个可以操作pdf的python库： pdfminer.

http://code.google.com/p/pdfminerr/

不知道有没有其他的库。希望高手补充。

 

3、有了pdf的操作库，可以轻松实现对pdf文件内容的有目的的抽取。

这里有一个抽取文献的参考文献的例子：

pdf2ref

http://code.google.com/p/pdftoref/

 

This project aims to develop an efficient rule based extractor of entries of references, located in scientific articles in English language. The application takes a pdf file or a directory of pdf and then returns an html file, containing the list of all entries with their respective title. Moreover the title of the article cited is searched through Google Web Service to get the URL that identifying the article on the web. If the URL provides on the page a Bibtex entry, this will appear in the html output under the relative entries, stolen from some typical site like citeseer, ieeexlpore etc. The application does not make search over pdf file based on images.

Result

ImplementationPdfminer tool, a pure python lib to manage pdf; instead to query Google Web Service it usesPython SoapPy. This project is born into the course of "Data Base II and Information Retreival" of Master Computer Science at the University of Florence from two engineers. The project is released under the GNU General Public License.

In this way, the best result will be the html files with all entries with their rispective title linked to the URI and below the Bibtex entry. See example below.

The tool is implemented through python scripting and created to run on GNU/Linux. It uses as backend

UsageExamples of UsageExamples of OutputThe article in pdf text format

user@machine:~$ pdftoref --helpUsage: -h            --help              This help Command -f filepath   --file=filepath     Run on a file -d directory  --dir=directory     Run into a directory -u            --url               Get the title url -b            --bibtex            Get the bibtex article Examples:pdftoref -b -u -f ~/file.pdfpdftoref --url --bibtex --file=~/file.pdfpdftoref -d /home/user/articles 

Extract the referencies from a file

user@machine:~$pdftoref -u -b -f /home/lizardking/path/to/file.pdf

The output will be:

PdftoRef> Running on the file: /home/lizardking/path/to/file.pdf
* Extracting the text from pdf      [Done]
* Extracting the entries and titles      [Done]
* Querying Google and writing down html file      [Done]
PdftoRef> Finished file: /home/lizardking/path/to/file.pdf

Then run to see result:

user@machine:~$firefox /home/lizardking/path/to/file.html

Almost the same for extract the referencies from files in a directory, except that it will use on all pdf files.

user@machine:~$pdftoref -d /home/lizardking/path/to/dir/

• Here is the result of the parsing