1、Shiro简介

1.1 基础概念

Apache Shiro是一个强大且易用的Java安全框架,执行身份验证、授权、密码和会话管理。作为一款安全框架Shiro的设计相当巧妙。Shiro的应用不依赖任何容器，它不仅可以在JavaEE下使用，还可以应用在JavaSE环境中。

1.2 核心角色

1. Subject：认证主体
   代表当前系统的使用者，就是用户，在Shiro的认证中，认证主体通常就是userName和passWord，或者其他用户相关的唯一标识。

2. SecurityManager：安全管理器
   Shiro架构中最核心的组件，通过它可以协调其他组件完成用户认证和授权。实际上，SecurityManager就是Shiro框架的控制器。

3. Realm：域对象
   定义了访问数据的方式，用来连接不同的数据源，如：关系数据库，配置文件等等。

1.3 核心理念

Shiro自己不维护用户和权限，通过Subject用户主体和Realm域对象的注入，完成用户的认证和授权。

2、SpringBoot整合Shiro

2.1 核心依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId><version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId><version>1.4.0</version>
</dependency>

2.2 Shiro核心配置

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {/*** Session Manager：会话管理* 即用户登录后就是一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中；* 会话可以是普通JavaSE环境的，也可以是如Web环境的；*/@Bean("sessionManager")public SessionManager sessionManager(){DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager = new DefaultWebSessionManager();//设置session过期时间sessionManager.setGlobalSessionTimeout(60 * 60 * 1000);sessionManager.setSessionValidationSchedulerEnabled(true);// 去掉shiro登录时url里的JSESSIONIDsessionManager.setSessionIdUrlRewritingEnabled(false);return sessionManager;}/*** SecurityManager：安全管理器*/@Bean("securityManager")public SecurityManager securityManager(UserRealm userRealm, SessionManager sessionManager) {DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();securityManager.setSessionManager(sessionManager);securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);return securityManager;}/*** ShiroFilter是整个Shiro的入口点，用于拦截需要安全控制的请求进行处理*/@Bean("shiroFilter")public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(SecurityManager securityManager) {ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();shiroFilter.setSecurityManager(securityManager);shiroFilter.setLoginUrl("/userLogin");shiroFilter.setUnauthorizedUrl("/");Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();filterMap.put("/userLogin", "anon");shiroFilter.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);return shiroFilter;}/*** 管理Shiro中一些bean的生命周期*/@Bean("lifecycleBeanPostProcessor")public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();}/*** 扫描上下文，寻找所有的Advistor(通知器）* 将这些Advisor应用到所有符合切入点的Bean中。*/@Beanpublic DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator proxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();proxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true);return proxyCreator;}/*** 匹配所有加了 Shiro 认证注解的方法*/@Beanpublic AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor advisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();advisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);return advisor;}
}

2.3 域对象配置

@Component
public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {@Resourceprivate SysUserMapper sysUserMapper ;@Resourceprivate SysMenuMapper sysMenuMapper ;/*** 授权(验证权限时调用)* 获取用户权限集合*/@Overridepublic AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {SysUserEntity user = (SysUserEntity)principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();if(user == null) {throw new UnknownAccountException("账号不存在");}List<String> permsList;//默认用户拥有最高权限List<SysMenuEntity> menuList = sysMenuMapper.selectList();permsList = new ArrayList<>(menuList.size());for(SysMenuEntity menu : menuList){permsList.add(menu.getPerms());}//用户权限列表Set<String> permsSet = new HashSet<>();for(String perms : permsList){if(StringUtils.isEmpty(perms)){continue;}permsSet.addAll(Arrays.asList(perms.trim().split(",")));}SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();info.setStringPermissions(permsSet);return info;}/*** 认证(登录时调用)* 验证用户登录*/@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authToken) throws AuthenticationException {UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken)authToken;//查询用户信息SysUserEntity user = sysUserMapper.selectOne(token.getUsername());//账号不存在if(user == null) {throw new UnknownAccountException("账号或密码不正确");}//账号锁定if(user.getStatus() == 0){throw new LockedAccountException("账号已被锁定,请联系管理员");}SimpleAuthenticationInfo info = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPassword(),ByteSource.Util.bytes(user.getSalt()),getName());return info;}@Overridepublic void setCredentialsMatcher(CredentialsMatcher credentialsMatcher) {HashedCredentialsMatcher shaCredentialsMatcher = new HashedCredentialsMatcher();shaCredentialsMatcher.setHashAlgorithmName(ShiroUtils.hashAlgorithmName);shaCredentialsMatcher.setHashIterations(ShiroUtils.hashIterations);super.setCredentialsMatcher(shaCredentialsMatcher);}
}

3.4 核心工具类

public class ShiroUtils {/**  加密算法 */public final static String hashAlgorithmName = "SHA-256";/**  循环次数 */public final static int hashIterations = 16;public static String sha256(String password, String salt) {return new SimpleHash(hashAlgorithmName, password, salt, hashIterations).toString();}// 获取一个测试账号 adminpublic static void main(String[] args) {// 3743a4c09a17e6f2829febd09ca54e627810001cf255ddcae9dabd288a949c4aSystem.out.println(sha256("admin","123")) ;}/*** 获取会话*/public static Session getSession() {return SecurityUtils.getSubject().getSession();}/*** Subject：主体，代表了当前“用户”*/public static Subject getSubject() {return SecurityUtils.getSubject();}public static SysUserEntity getUserEntity() {return (SysUserEntity)SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipal();}public static Long getUserId() {return getUserEntity().getUserId();}public static void setSessionAttribute(Object key, Object value) {getSession().setAttribute(key, value);}public static Object getSessionAttribute(Object key) {return getSession().getAttribute(key);}public static boolean isLogin() {return SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipal() != null;}public static void logout() {SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout();}
}

3.5 自定义权限异常提示

@RestControllerAdvice
public class ShiroException {@ExceptionHandler(AuthorizationException.class)public String authorizationException (){return "抱歉您没有权限访问该内容!";}@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)public String handleException(Exception e){return "系统异常!";}
}

3、案例演示代码

3.1 测试接口

@RestController
public class ShiroController {private static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroController.class) ;@Resourceprivate SysMenuMapper sysMenuMapper ;/*** 登录测试* http://localhost:7011/userLogin?userName=admin&passWord=admin*/@RequestMapping("/userLogin")public void userLogin (@RequestParam(value = "userName") String userName,@RequestParam(value = "passWord") String passWord){try{Subject subject = ShiroUtils.getSubject();UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(userName, passWord);subject.login(token);LOGGER.info("登录成功");}catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 服务器每次重启请求该接口之前必须先请求上面登录接口* http://localhost:7011/menu/list 获取所有菜单列表* 权限要求：sys:user:shiro*/@RequestMapping("/menu/list")@RequiresPermissions("sys:user:shiro")public List list(){return sysMenuMapper.selectList() ;}/*** 用户没有该权限，无法访问* 权限要求：ccc:ddd:bbb*/@RequestMapping("/menu/list2")@RequiresPermissions("ccc:ddd:bbb")public List list2(){return sysMenuMapper.selectList() ;}/*** 退出测试，退出后没有任何权限*/@RequestMapping("/userLogOut")public String logout (){ShiroUtils.logout();return "success" ;}
}

3.2 测试流程

1)、登录后取得权限
http://localhost:7011/userLogin?userName=admin&passWord=admin
2)、访问有权限接口
http://localhost:7011/menu/list
3)、访问无权限接口
http://localhost:7011/menu/list2
4)、退出登录
http://localhost:7011/userLogOut