最近比较忙，忙的都没空理csdn了，今天我继续迈着魔鬼般的步伐，摩擦摩擦……总结下最近学到的MongoDB的知识。

1.认识Spring Data MongoDB

2. HelloWorld

2.1 配置依赖

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.jastar</groupId><artifactId>demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>demo</name><url>http://www.jastar-wang.tech</url><!-- 版本配置 --><properties><spring.version>4.1.4.RELEASE</spring.version><spring.data.version>1.7.0.RELEASE</spring.data.version><log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version></properties><dependencies><!-- 单元测试包 --><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.10</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!-- spring核心包 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!-- 关系型数据库整合时需配置 如hibernate jpa等 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring aop 关联 --><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.8.7</version></dependency><!-- log4j --><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>${log4j.version}</version></dependency><!-- spring整合MongoDB --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId><artifactId>spring-data-mongodb</artifactId><version>${spring.data.version}</version></dependency></dependencies><repositories><repository><id>spring-milestone</id><name>Spring Maven MILESTONE Repository</name><url>http://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone</url></repository></repositories><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><configuration><source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

2.2 映射实体类

package com.jastar.demo.entity;import java.io.Serializable;
import java.sql.Timestamp;import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.index.IndexDirection;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.index.Indexed;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Field;/*** 用户实体类* <p>* ClassName: UserInfo* </p>* <p>* Description:本类用来展示MongoDB实体类映射的使用* </p>* <p>* Copyright: (c)2017 Jastar·Wang,All rights reserved.* </p>* * @author Jastar·Wang* @date 2017年4月12日*/
@Document(collection = "coll_user")
public class UserInfo implements Serializable {/** serialVersionUID */private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;// 主键使用此注解@Idprivate String id;// 字段使用此注解@Fieldprivate String name;// 字段还可以用自定义名称@Field("myage")private int age;// 还可以生成索引@Indexed(name = "index_birth", direction = IndexDirection.DESCENDING)@Fieldprivate Timestamp birth;public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public int getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}public Timestamp getBirth() {return birth;}public void setBirth(Timestamp birth) {this.birth = birth;}}

###---The mongodb settings---
mongo.dbname=demo
mongo.host=localhost
mongo.port=27017
mongo.connectionsPerHost=8
mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier=4
mongo.connectTimeout=1000
mongo.maxWaitTime=1500
mongo.autoConnectRetry=true
mongo.socketKeepAlive=true
mongo.socketTimeout=1500
mongo.slaveOk=true
mongo.writeNumber=1
mongo.writeTimeout=0
mongo.writeFsync=true

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mongo="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/mongo/spring-mongo-1.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"><!-- 读取属性文件 --><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" /><!-- 启用注解支持 --><context:annotation-config /><!-- 扫描组件包 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.jastar.demo" /><!-- SpringData类型转换器 --><mongo:mapping-converter id="mongoConverter"><mongo:custom-converters><mongo:converter><bean class="com.jastar.demo.converter.TimestampConverter" /></mongo:converter></mongo:custom-converters></mongo:mapping-converter><!-- MongoDB配置部分 1.mongo：连接配置 2.db-factory：相当于sessionFactory 3.mongoTemplate：与数据库接口交互的主要实现类 --><mongo:mongo host="${mongo.host}" port="${mongo.port}"><mongo:options connections-per-host="${mongo.connectionsPerHost}"threads-allowed-to-block-for-connection-multiplier="${mongo.threadsAllowedToBlockForConnectionMultiplier}"connect-timeout="${mongo.connectTimeout}" max-wait-time="${mongo.maxWaitTime}"auto-connect-retry="${mongo.autoConnectRetry}" socket-keep-alive="${mongo.socketKeepAlive}"socket-timeout="${mongo.socketTimeout}" slave-ok="${mongo.slaveOk}"write-number="${mongo.writeNumber}" write-timeout="${mongo.writeTimeout}"write-fsync="${mongo.writeFsync}" /></mongo:mongo><mongo:db-factory id="mongoDbFactory" dbname="${mongo.dbname}" mongo-ref="mongo" /><bean id="mongoTemplate" class="org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate"><constructor-arg name="mongoDbFactory" ref="mongoDbFactory" /><constructor-arg name="mongoConverter" ref="mongoConverter" /></bean></beans>

2.4 Dao层参考实现

【BaseDaoImpl.java】

package com.jastar.demo.dao.impl;import static org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria.where;import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Direction;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort.Order;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;import com.jastar.demo.dao.IBaseDao;
import com.jastar.demo.util.EmptyUtil;
import com.jastar.demo.util.PageModel;/*** 基本操作接口MongoDB数据库实现类* <p>* ClassName: BaseDaoImpl* </p>* <p>* Description:本实现类适用于MongoDB数据库，以下代码仅供参考，本人水平有限，可能会存在些许问题（如有更好方案可告知我，一定虚心学习），* 再次提醒，仅供参考！！* </p>* <p>* Copyright: (c)2017 Jastar·Wang,All rights reserved.* </p>* * @author Jastar·Wang* @date 2017年4月12日*/
public abstract class BaseDaoImpl<T> implements IBaseDao<T> {protected abstract Class<T> getEntityClass();@Autowiredprotected MongoTemplate mgt;@Overridepublic void save(T entity) {mgt.save(entity);}@Overridepublic void update(T entity) {// 反向解析对象Map<String, Object> map = null;try {map = parseEntity(entity);} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}// ID字段String idName = null;Object idValue = null;// 生成参数Update update = new Update();if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(map)) {for (String key : map.keySet()) {if (key.indexOf("{") != -1) {// 设置IDidName = key.substring(key.indexOf("{") + 1, key.indexOf("}"));idValue = map.get(key);} else {update.set(key, map.get(key));}}}mgt.updateFirst(new Query().addCriteria(where(idName).is(idValue)), update, getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic void delete(Serializable... ids) {if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(ids)) {for (Serializable id : ids) {mgt.remove(mgt.findById(id, getEntityClass()));}}}@Overridepublic T find(Serializable id) {return mgt.findById(id, getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic List<T> findAll() {return mgt.findAll(getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic List<T> findAll(String order) {List<Order> orderList = parseOrder(order);if (EmptyUtil.isEmpty(orderList)) {return findAll();}return mgt.find(new Query().with(new Sort(orderList)), getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic List<T> findByProp(String propName, Object propValue) {return findByProp(propName, propValue, null);}@Overridepublic List<T> findByProp(String propName, Object propValue, String order) {Query query = new Query();// 参数query.addCriteria(where(propName).is(propValue));// 排序List<Order> orderList = parseOrder(order);if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(orderList)) {query.with(new Sort(orderList));}return mgt.find(query, getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic List<T> findByProps(String[] propName, Object[] propValue) {return findByProps(propName, propValue, null);}@Overridepublic List<T> findByProps(String[] propName, Object[] propValue, String order) {Query query = createQuery(propName, propValue, order);return mgt.find(query, getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic T uniqueByProp(String propName, Object propValue) {return mgt.findOne(new Query(where(propName).is(propValue)), getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic T uniqueByProps(String[] propName, Object[] propValue) {Query query = createQuery(propName, propValue, null);return mgt.findOne(query, getEntityClass());}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageAll(int pageNo, int pageSize) {return pageAll(pageNo, pageSize, null);}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageAll(int pageNo, int pageSize, String order) {return pageByProp(pageNo, pageSize, null, null, order);}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageByProp(int pageNo, int pageSize, String param, Object value) {return pageByProp(pageNo, pageSize, param, value, null);}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageByProp(int pageNo, int pageSize, String param, Object value, String order) {String[] params = null;Object[] values = null;if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(param)) {params = new String[] { param };values = new Object[] { value };}return pageByProps(pageNo, pageSize, params, values, order);}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageByProps(int pageNo, int pageSize, String[] params, Object[] values) {return pageByProps(pageNo, pageSize, params, values, null);}@Overridepublic PageModel<T> pageByProps(int pageNo, int pageSize, String[] params, Object[] values, String order) {// 创建分页模型对象PageModel<T> page = new PageModel<>(pageNo, pageSize);// 查询总记录数int count = countByCondition(params, values);page.setTotalCount(count);// 查询数据列表Query query = createQuery(params, values, order);// 设置分页信息query.skip(page.getFirstResult());query.limit(page.getPageSize());// 封装结果数据page.setList(mgt.find(query, getEntityClass()));return page;}@Overridepublic int countByCondition(String[] params, Object[] values) {Query query = createQuery(params, values, null);Long count = mgt.count(query, getEntityClass());return count.intValue();}/*** 创建带有where条件（只支持等值）和排序的Query对象* * @param params*            参数数组* @param values*            参数值数组* @param order*            排序* @return Query对象*/protected Query createQuery(String[] params, Object[] values, String order) {Query query = new Query();// where 条件if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(params) && EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(values)) {for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {query.addCriteria(where(params[i]).is(values[i]));}}// 排序List<Order> orderList = parseOrder(order);if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(orderList)) {query.with(new Sort(orderList));}return query;}/*** 解析Order字符串为所需参数* * @param order*            排序参数，如[id]、[id asc]、[id asc,name desc]* @return Order对象集合*/protected List<Order> parseOrder(String order) {List<Order> list = null;if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(order)) {list = new ArrayList<Order>();// 共有几组排序字段String[] fields = order.split(",");Order o = null;String[] item = null;for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {if (EmptyUtil.isEmpty(fields[i])) {continue;}item = fields[i].split(" ");if (item.length == 1) {o = new Order(Direction.ASC, item[0]);} else if (item.length == 2) {o = new Order("desc".equalsIgnoreCase(item[1]) ? Direction.DESC : Direction.ASC, item[0]);} else {throw new RuntimeException("排序字段参数解析出错");}list.add(o);}}return list;}/*** 将对象的字段及值反射解析为Map对象<br>* 这里使用Java反射机制手动解析，并且可以识别注解为主键的字段，以达到根据id进行更新实体的目的<br>* key：字段名称，value：字段对应的值* * @param t*            要修改的对象* @return Map对象，注意：id字段的key封装为“{id字段名称}”，以供后续识别* @throws Exception*/protected Map<String, Object> parseEntity(T t) throws Exception {Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();/** 解析ID*/String idName = "";Field[] declaredFields = getEntityClass().getDeclaredFields();for (Field field : declaredFields) {if (field.isAnnotationPresent(Id.class)) {field.setAccessible(true);map.put("{" + field.getName() + "}", field.get(t));idName = field.getName();break;}}/** 解析其他属性*/Method[] methods = getEntityClass().getDeclaredMethods();if (EmptyUtil.isNotEmpty(methods)) {for (Method method : methods) {if (method.getName().startsWith("get") && method.getModifiers() == Modifier.PUBLIC) {String fieldName = parse2FieldName(method.getName());if (!fieldName.equals(idName)) {map.put(fieldName, method.invoke(t));}}}}return map;}/*** 将get方法名转换为对应的字段名称* * @param methodName*            如：getName* @return 如：name*/private String parse2FieldName(String methodName) {String name = methodName.replace("get", "");name = name.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + name.substring(1);return name;}}

说明：

        以上实现仅供参考某些实现点，mongoTemplate如何使用还要自己去详细的摸索，我也没办法，毕竟我也这样过来的，大多数方法都已经提供了，只是update方法不像关系型数据库那样，给个实体类就能更新，需要自己去想办法搞定。

【TestUseService.java】

package com.jastar.test;import java.sql.Timestamp;
import java.util.List;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import com.jastar.demo.entity.UserInfo;
import com.jastar.demo.service.UserService;
import com.jastar.demo.util.PageModel;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:spring-mgo.xml")
public class TestUserService {@Autowiredprivate UserService service;@Testpublic void save() {UserInfo user = new UserInfo();user.setName("张三");user.setAge(25);user.setBirth(Timestamp.valueOf("2017-4-12 16:52:00"));service.save(user);System.out.println("已生成ID:" + user.getId());}@Testpublic void find() {UserInfo user = service.find("58edf1b26f033406394a8a61");System.out.println(user.getName());}@Testpublic void update() {UserInfo user = service.find("58edf1b26f033406394a8a61");user.setAge(18);service.update(user);}@Testpublic void delete() {service.delete("58edef886f03c7b0fdba51b9");}@Testpublic void findAll() {List<UserInfo> list = service.findAll("age desc");for (UserInfo u : list) {System.out.println(u.getName());}}@Testpublic void findByProp() {List<UserInfo> list = service.findByProp("name", "张三");for (UserInfo u : list) {System.out.println(u.getName());}}@Testpublic void findByProps() {List<UserInfo> list = service.findByProps(new String[] { "name", "age" }, new Object[] { "张三", 18 });for (UserInfo u : list) {System.out.println(u.getName());}}@Testpublic void pageAll() {PageModel<UserInfo> page = service.pageAll(1, 10);System.out.println("总记录：" + page.getTotalCount() + "，总页数：" + page.getTotalPage());for (UserInfo u : page.getList()) {System.out.println(u.getName());}}@Testpublic void pageByProp() {PageModel<UserInfo> page = service.pageByProp(1, 10, "name", "张三");System.out.println("总记录：" + page.getTotalCount() + "，总页数：" + page.getTotalPage());for (UserInfo u : page.getList()) {System.out.println(u.getName());}}}

更多知识，请参考官方文档：戳我戳我

更多代码，请参考本项目Git 地址：戳我戳我