参考：https://developer.android.google.cn/guide/topics/providers/contacts-provider.html

Contacts Provider组织结构

Contacts Provider组织结构由三部分构成，如下图所示：

• （联系人）Contact：代表联系人，包含了多种联系渠道。
• （原始联系人）RawContact：每个原始联系人代表某个联系人的一种具体的联系渠道，比如E-mail、手机通讯录、推特等等。
• （数据）Data：储存大多数实际的信息，比如手机号码、邮箱地址等等。

举例说明：假设手机用户为A，它有一个联系人B。A与B通过电子邮件、电话、推特三种渠道产生过联系，那么联系人B就对应三个原始联系人B，每个原始联系人B中会记录一种联系渠道（A使用的联系账户、账户类型），而具体的信息（手机号码、邮箱地址）会存放在数据表中。

Contact表、RawContact表、Data表之间的联系

Contact、RawContact、Data分别对应三张数据库表，三张表都有一个_ID字段作为主键。在此基础上，RawContact表有一个CONTACT_ID列，代表这个原始联系人对应的联系人的_ID；Data表有一个Raw_CONTACT_ID列，代表这个数据行对应的原始联系人的_ID。
因此，查询某个联系人的某项信息的一般步骤为：

1. 在Contact表中查到该联系人对应的ID；
2. 在RawContact表中查到该联系人ID对应的原始联系人的ID；
3. 在Data表中查到原始联系人ID对应的数据行，并通过投影取得需要的数据。

实例：获取手机通讯录中所有联系人对应的手机号码

下面是一个用于加载联系人手机号码信息的ContactManager类，具有以下功能：

• 判断应用是否具有读取手机通讯录的权限android.permission.READ_CONTACTS。
• 可以在创建对象时即开始加载，也可以在需要时再加载。
• 在子线程中执行查询，不会阻塞UI线程。
• 加载结束后通过一个UnmodifiableMap返回联系人姓名到电话号码的映射。
• 支持设置加载完毕后执行的回调。

使用方法：通过静态方法getService()获取ContactManager实例，并设置是否需要立即开始加载、监听器等附加信息。

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.util.SparseArray;import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;/*** Created by swt369 on 2017/10/1.* Provide a simple way for managing contacts*/public class ContactManager {private static final Map<Context,ContactManager> INSTANCES = new HashMap<>();private final Context context;private OnFinishLoadListener onFinishListener;private boolean loaded = false;private Map<String,List<String>> nameToCallNumbers = null;private ContactManager(Context context, boolean loadAtOnce, @Nullable OnFinishLoadListener onFinishListener){this.context = context;this.onFinishListener = onFinishListener;if(loadAtOnce){load();}}/**** @param context The context the Manager is running in* @param loadAtOnce True if needed to load at once* @param onFinishListener the callback that will be invoked when the loading is over * @return A instance of the ContactManager* @throws SecurityException When the application failed to get the android.permission.READ_CONTACTS*/public static ContactManager getService(Context context, boolean loadAtOnce, @Nullable OnFinishLoadListener onFinishListener)throws SecurityException{int granted = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS);if(granted != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){throw new SecurityException("Need READ_CONTACTS permission");}ContactManager contactManager = INSTANCES.get(context);if(contactManager == null){contactManager = new ContactManager(context,loadAtOnce,onFinishListener);INSTANCES.put(context,contactManager);}return contactManager;}public void setOnFinishListener(OnFinishLoadListener onFinishListener){this.onFinishListener = onFinishListener;}public void load(){if(!loaded){new LoadThread().start();}else{onFinishListener.onFinishLoad(Collections.unmodifiableMap(nameToCallNumbers));}}public interface OnFinishLoadListener{void onFinishLoad(Map<String, List<String>> nameToCallNumbers);}private class LoadThread extends Thread{@Overridepublic void run() {List<Integer> listIDs = new LinkedList<>();SparseArray<String> idToName = new SparseArray<>();SparseArray<List<String>> idToCallNumber = new SparseArray<>();//Get all the _IDs and names in the table ContactCursor cursorForContactID = null;try {cursorForContactID = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,new String[]{ContactsContract.Contacts._ID, ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME},null,null,null);if(cursorForContactID != null){int indexID = cursorForContactID.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID);int indexName = cursorForContactID.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME);//build the INSTANCES from ID to name.while(cursorForContactID.moveToNext()){int id = cursorForContactID.getInt(indexID);listIDs.add(id);idToName.put(id, cursorForContactID.getString(indexName));}}}finally {if (cursorForContactID != null) {cursorForContactID.close();}}//Get all the _IDs in the table RawContact,which is equal to the raw_contact_IDs in the table Data.for(Integer ID : listIDs){LinkedList<Integer> listRawContacts = new LinkedList<>();Cursor cursorForRawContactID = null;try {cursorForRawContactID = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTENT_URI,new String[]{ContactsContract.RawContacts._ID},ContactsContract.RawContacts.CONTACT_ID + " = ?",new String[]{String.valueOf(ID)},null);if(cursorForRawContactID == null){continue;}//build the INSTANCES from ID to raw_contact_ID.while (cursorForRawContactID.moveToNext()){listRawContacts.add(cursorForRawContactID.getInt(cursorForRawContactID.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.RawContacts._ID)));}}finally {if (cursorForRawContactID != null) {cursorForRawContactID.close();}}//Build the INSTANCES from ID to phone numbers via raw_contact_ID.LinkedList<String> numbers = new LinkedList<>();for(Integer rawID : listRawContacts){Cursor cursorForCallNumbers = null;try {cursorForCallNumbers = context.getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,new String[]{ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER},ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.RAW_CONTACT_ID + " = ?",new String[]{String.valueOf(rawID)},null);if(cursorForCallNumbers != null){while(cursorForCallNumbers.moveToNext()){numbers.add(cursorForCallNumbers.getString(cursorForCallNumbers.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER)));}}}finally {if (cursorForCallNumbers != null) {cursorForCallNumbers.close();}}}idToCallNumber.put(ID,numbers);}//Build the INSTANCES from name to phone numbers via ID.nameToCallNumbers = new HashMap<>();for(Integer id : listIDs){nameToCallNumbers.put(idToName.get(id), idToCallNumber.get(id));}loaded = true;//invoke the callback if not null.if(onFinishListener != null){onFinishListener.onFinishLoad(Collections.unmodifiableMap(nameToCallNumbers));}}}
}

下面的例子中，信息加载完毕后会通过Log的方式打印出来：

ContactManager.getService(this, true, new ContactManager.OnFinishLoadListener() {@Overridepublic void onFinishLoad(Map<String, List<String>> nameToCallNumbers) {for(Map.Entry<String, List<String>> entry : nameToCallNumbers.entrySet()){Log.i("联系人", entry.getKey() + ": " + entry.getValue());}}
});