棋盘的绘制和走棋参看博文：中国象棋游戏Chess（1） - 棋盘绘制以及棋子的绘制，中国象棋游戏Chess（2）- 走棋

现在重新整理之前写的代码，并且对于每个棋子的走棋规则都进行了限制，不像之前那样每个棋子都可以走到任意位置。

也实现了红先黑后，并且每一方走一步，交替走棋的功能。

直接看代码：

// Board.h
// Board类实现了棋盘的绘制以及显示
//#ifndef BOARD_H
#define BOARD_H#include <QFrame>
#include "Stone.h"
#include "Step.h"
#include <QVector>class Board : public QFrame
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit Board(QWidget *parent = 0);~Board();/*===> 游戏数据 <===*/Stone _s[32]; // 定义32个棋子int _r; // 棋子的半径QPoint _off;bool _bSide;QVector<Step*> _steps; // 悔棋时使用/*===> 游戏状态 <===*/int _selectid;bool _bRedTurn;void init(bool bRedSide);/*===> 绘图函数 <===*/virtual void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *);void DrawBackground(); // 设置背景颜色void drawPlate(QPainter& p); // 绘制棋盘void drawPlace(QPainter& p); // 绘制九宫格void drawInitPosition(QPainter& p); // 绘制炮兵位置上的十字void drawInitPosition(QPainter& p, int row, int col);void drawStone(QPainter &p); // 绘制棋子void drawStone(QPainter &p, int id);/*===> 坐标转换相关函数 <===*/QPoint center(int row, int col); // 返回棋盘行列对应的像素坐标QPoint center(int id);QPoint topLeft(int row, int col);QPoint topLeft(int id);QRect cell(int row, int col);QRect cell(int id);bool getClickRowCol(QPoint pt, int &row, int &col);/*===> 帮助函数 <===*/QString name(int id);bool red(int id);bool sameColor(int id1, int id2);int getStoneId(int row, int col); // 获取行row列col上的棋子idvoid killStone(int id);void reliveStone(int id);void moveStone(int moveid, int row, int col);bool isDead(int id); // 判断id棋子是否死亡/*===> 移动相关函数 <===*/virtual void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *ev); // 鼠标点击象棋并释放鼠标时候触发void click(QPoint pt);virtual void click(int id, int row, int col);void trySelectStone(int id);void tryMoveStone(int killid, int row, int col);void moveStone(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);void saveStep(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col, QVector<Step*>& steps);void backOne();void back(Step* step);virtual void back();/*===> 移动规则 <===*/bool canMove(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);bool canMoveJiang(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);bool canMoveShi(int moveid, int, int row, int col);bool canMoveXiang(int moveid, int, int row, int col);bool canMoveChe(int moveid, int, int row, int col);bool canMoveMa(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);bool canMovePao(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);bool canMoveBing(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col);bool canSelect(int id);/*===> 移动规则相关的几个帮助函数 <===*/int relation(int row1, int col1, int row, int col); // 得到两点之间的关系值bool isBottomSide(int id); // 判断id棋子是否在棋盘下方// 判断两个点是否在同一条直线上，炮和车走棋的时候需要用到int getStoneCountAtLine(int row1, int col1, int row2, int col2);signals:public slots:void slotBack();
};#endif // BOARD_H

// Board.cpp#include "Board.h"
#include <QPainter> // 绘制棋盘需要
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include <QDebug>
#define GetRowCol(__row, __col, __id) \int __row = _s[__id]._row;\int __col = _s[__id]._colBoard::Board(QWidget *parent) : QFrame(parent)
{this->_r = 20;setMinimumSize(_r * 18 + 1, _r * 20 + 1);init(true);
}Board::~Board()
{}void Board::init(bool bRedSide)
{for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {_s[i].init(i);}if (bRedSide) {for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {_s[i].rotate();}}_selectid = -1;_bRedTurn = true;_bSide = bRedSide;update();
}// 绘制棋盘
void Board::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *)
{DrawBackground(); // 绘制背景颜色int r = height() / 20;_r = r;_off = QPoint(r + 1, r + 1);QPainter p(this);p.setRenderHints(QPainter::Antialiasing | QPainter::TextAntialiasing);p.save();drawPlate(p);p.restore();p.save();drawPlace(p);p.restore();p.save();drawInitPosition(p);p.restore();p.save();drawStone(p);p.restore();
}// 设置背景颜色
void Board::DrawBackground()
{QPalette p = this->palette();p.setColor(QPalette::Window, QColor(224, 255, 255));this->setPalette(p);
}// 绘制棋盘
void Board::drawPlate(QPainter &p)
{// 绘制10条横线for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {if (i == 0 || i == 9) { // 上下边框画笔设置的粗一些p.setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 3, Qt::SolidLine));}else {p.setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 1, Qt::SolidLine));}p.drawLine(center(i, 0), center(i, 8));}// 绘制9条竖线for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i) {if (i == 0 || i == 8) { // 中间有楚河汉界，不能画通p.setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 3, Qt::SolidLine));p.drawLine(center(0, i), center(9, i));}else {p.setPen(QPen(Qt::black, 1, Qt::SolidLine));p.drawLine(center(0, i), center(4, i));p.drawLine(center(5, i), center(9, i));}}
}// 绘制九宫格
void Board::drawPlace(QPainter &p)
{p.drawLine(center(0, 3), center(2, 5));p.drawLine(center(2, 3), center(0, 5));p.drawLine(center(9, 3), center(7, 5));p.drawLine(center(7, 3), center(9, 5));
}// 绘制炮兵位置上的十字
void Board::drawInitPosition(QPainter &p)
{drawInitPosition(p, 3, 0);drawInitPosition(p, 3, 2);drawInitPosition(p, 3, 4);drawInitPosition(p, 3, 6);drawInitPosition(p, 3, 8);drawInitPosition(p, 6, 0);drawInitPosition(p, 6, 2);drawInitPosition(p, 6, 4);drawInitPosition(p, 6, 6);drawInitPosition(p, 6, 8);drawInitPosition(p, 2, 1);drawInitPosition(p, 2, 7);drawInitPosition(p, 7, 1);drawInitPosition(p, 7, 7);
}void Board::drawInitPosition(QPainter& p, int row, int col)
{QPoint pt = center(row, col);QPoint off = QPoint(_r / 6, _r / 6);int len = _r / 3;QPoint ptStart;QPoint ptEnd;if (col != 0) {// 左上角ptStart = QPoint(pt.x() - off.x(), pt.y() - off.y());ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(-len, 0);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(0, -len);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);// 左下角ptStart = QPoint(pt.x() - off.x(), pt.y() + off.y());ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(-len, 0);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(0, +len);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);}if (col != 8) {// 右下角ptStart = QPoint(pt.x() + off.x(), pt.y() + off.y());ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(+len, 0);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(0, +len);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);// 右上角ptStart = QPoint(pt.x() + off.x(), pt.y() - off.y());ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(+len, 0);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);ptEnd = ptStart + QPoint(0, -len);p.drawLine(ptStart, ptEnd);}
}// 绘制棋子
void Board::drawStone(QPainter &p)
{for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {drawStone(p, i);}
}void Board::drawStone(QPainter &p, int id)
{if (isDead(id)) {return;}QColor color;if (red(id)) {color = Qt::red;}else {color = Qt::black;}p.setPen(QPen(QBrush(color), 2));if (id == _selectid) {p.setBrush(Qt::gray);}else {p.setBrush(Qt::yellow);}p.drawEllipse(cell(id));p.setFont(QFont("system", _r * 1.2, 700)); // 设置字体大小和类型p.drawText(cell(id), name(id), QTextOption(Qt::AlignCenter));
}// 返回棋盘行列对应的像素坐标
QPoint Board::center(int row, int col)
{QPoint pt(_r * col * 2, _r * row * 2);return pt + _off;
}// 重载center函数，方便调用
QPoint Board::center(int id)
{return center(_s[id]._row, _s[id]._col);
}QPoint Board::topLeft(int row, int col)
{return center(row, col) - QPoint(_r, _r);
}QPoint Board::topLeft(int id)
{return center(id) - QPoint(_r, _r);
}QRect Board::cell(int row, int col)
{return QRect(topLeft(row, col), QSize(_r * 2 - 1, _r * 2 - 1));
}QRect Board::cell(int id)
{return QRect(topLeft(id), QSize(_r * 2 - 1, _r * 2 - 1));
}// 判断点击位置属于哪个顶点
// 返回值为bool类型是为了处理点击在棋盘外的情况
bool Board::getClickRowCol(QPoint pt, int &row, int &col)
{row = pt.y() / (2 * _r) - 1;col = pt.x() / (2 * _r) - 1;QPoint c = center(row, col);int dx = c.x() - pt.x();int dy = c.y() - pt.y();int dist = dx * dx + dy * dy; // 和鼠标所处矩形左上顶点的距离if (dist < _r * _r) {return true;}row += 1;c = center(row, col);dx = c.x() - pt.x();dy = c.y() - pt.y();dist = dx * dx + dy * dy; // 和鼠标所处矩形左下顶点的距离if (dist < _r * _r) {return true;}row -= 1;col += 1;c = center(row, col);dx = c.x() - pt.x();dy = c.y() - pt.y();dist = dx * dx + dy * dy; // 和鼠标所处矩形右上顶点的距离if (dist < _r * _r) {return true;}row += 1;c = center(row, col);dx = c.x() - pt.x();dy = c.y() - pt.y();dist = dx * dx + dy * dy; // 和鼠标所处矩形右下顶点的距离if (dist < _r * _r) {return true;}return false;
}QString Board::name(int id)
{return _s[id].name();
}bool Board::red(int id)
{return _s[id]._red;
}bool Board::sameColor(int id1, int id2)
{if (id1 == -1 || id2 == -1) {return false;}return red(id1) == red(id2);
}int Board::getStoneId(int row, int col)
{for (int i = 0; i < 32; ++i) {if (_s[i]._row == row &&_s[i]._col == col && !isDead(i)) {return i;}}return -1; // 如果不是棋子返回-1
}void Board::killStone(int id)
{if (id == -1) {return;}_s[id]._dead = true;
}void Board::reliveStone(int id)
{if (id == -1) {return;}_s[id]._dead = false;
}void Board::moveStone(int moveid, int row, int col)
{_s[moveid]._row = row;_s[moveid]._col = col;_bRedTurn = !_bRedTurn;
}bool Board::isDead(int id)
{if (id == -1) {return true;}return _s[id]._dead;
}void Board::saveStep(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col, QVector<Step*>& steps)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);Step* step = new Step;step->_colFrom = col1;step->_colTo = col;step->_rowFrom = row1;step->_rowTo = row;step->_moveid = moveid;step->_killid = killid;steps.append(step);
}void Board::backOne()
{if (this->_steps.size() == 0) {return;}Step* step = this->_steps.last();_steps.removeLast();back(step);update();delete step;
}void Board::back(Step* step)
{reliveStone(step->_killid);moveStone(step->_moveid, step->_rowFrom, step->_colFrom);
}void Board::back()
{backOne();
}void Board::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *ev)
{if (ev->button() != Qt::LeftButton) { // 排除鼠标右键点击return;}click(ev->pos());
}void Board::click(QPoint pt)
{// 看有没有点中象棋// 将pt转化成象棋的行列值// 判断这个行列值上面有没有棋子int row, col;bool bClicked = getClickRowCol(pt, row, col);if (!bClicked) {return;}int id = getStoneId(row, col);click(id, row, col);}void Board::click(int id, int row, int col)
{if (this->_selectid == -1) { // 如果点中的棋子之前未被选中trySelectStone(id);}else {tryMoveStone(id, row, col);}
}void Board::trySelectStone(int id)
{if (id == -1) {return;}if (!canSelect(id)) {return;}_selectid = id;update();
}void Board::tryMoveStone(int killid, int row, int col)
{if (killid != -1 && sameColor(killid, _selectid)) {trySelectStone(killid);return;}bool ret = canMove(_selectid, killid, row, col);if (ret) {moveStone(_selectid, killid, row, col);_selectid = -1;update();}
}void Board::moveStone(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col)
{saveStep(moveid, killid, row, col, _steps);killStone(killid);moveStone(moveid, row, col);
}bool Board::canMove(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col)
{// 如果moveid和killid颜色相同，则不能移动，还需要换选择if (_s[moveid]._red == _s[killid]._red) {_selectid = killid;update();return false;}switch (_s[moveid]._type) {case Stone::JIANG:return canMoveJiang(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::SHI:return canMoveShi(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::XIANG:return canMoveXiang(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::CHE:return canMoveChe(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::MA:return canMoveMa(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::PAO:return canMovePao(moveid, killid, row, col);case Stone::BING:return canMoveBing(moveid, killid, row, col);}return true;}bool Board::canMoveJiang(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col)
{// 可直接吃对方将if (killid != -1 && _s[killid]._type == Stone::JIANG){return canMoveChe(moveid, killid, row, col);}GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int r = relation(row1, col1, row, col);if (r != 1 || r != 10) {return false;}if (col < 3 || col > 5) {return false;}if (isBottomSide(moveid)) {if (row < 7) {return false;}}else {if (row > 2) {return false;}}return true;
}bool Board::canMoveShi(int moveid, int, int row, int col)
{// 移动步长一个格子对角线GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int r = relation(row1, col1, row, col);if (r != 11) {return false;}if (col < 3 || col > 5) {return false;}if (isBottomSide(moveid)) {if (row < 7) {return false;}}else {if (row > 2) {return false;}}return true;
}bool Board::canMoveXiang(int moveid, int, int row, int col)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int r = relation(row1, col1, row, col);if (r != 22) { // 象走田，所以r应该等于22return false;}// 看象眼有没有棋子int rEye = (row + row1) / 2;int cEye = (col + col1) / 2;if (getStoneId(rEye, cEye) != -1) {return false;}// 判断是否在棋盘的下方if (isBottomSide(moveid)) {if (row < 4) {return false;}}else {if (row > 5) {return false;}}return true;
}bool Board::canMoveChe(int moveid, int, int row, int col)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int ret = getStoneCountAtLine(row1, col1, row, col);if (ret == 0) { // 在一行，并且中间没有棋子return true;}return false;
}bool Board::canMoveMa(int moveid, int, int row, int col)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int r = relation(row1, col1, row, col);// 首先判断马要走马字if (r != 12 && r != 21) {return false;}// 判断有没有蹩马腿的情况if (r == 12) { // 列相差等于2if (getStoneId(row1, (col + col1) / 2) != -1) {return false;}}else { // 行相差等于2if (getStoneId((row + row1) / 2, col1) != -1) {return false;}}return true;
}bool Board::canMovePao(int moveid, int killid, int row, int col)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int ret = getStoneCountAtLine(row, col, row1, col1);if (killid != -1) { // 如果炮要吃对方的棋子if (ret == 1) { // 中间有一个棋子，可以走return true;}}else { // 如果炮不吃棋子if (ret == 0) { // 中间没有棋子，可以走return true;}}return false;
}bool Board::canMoveBing(int moveid, int, int row, int col)
{GetRowCol(row1, col1, moveid);int r = relation(row1, col1, row, col);// 首先判断兵只能走一步if (r != 1 && r != 10) {return false;}if (isBottomSide(moveid)) { // 下面一方的棋子if (row > row1) { // 如果目标行大于原始行，相当于并在后退return false;}if (row1 >= 5 && row == row1) { // 还没有过河就想横着走return false;}}else { // 上面一方的棋子if (row1 > row) { // 如果目标行小于原始行，相当于兵在后退return false;}if (row <= 4 && row == row1) { // 还没有过河就想横着走return false;}}return true;
}bool Board::canSelect(int id)
{return _bRedTurn == _s[id]._red;
}int Board::relation(int row1, int col1, int row, int col)
{return qAbs(row1 - row) * 10 + qAbs(col1 - col);
}bool Board::isBottomSide(int id)
{return _bSide == _s[id]._red;
}int Board::getStoneCountAtLine(int row1, int col1, int row2, int col2)
{int ret = 0;// 首先判断两个棋子是否在同一条直线上，如果不在同一条直线上，直接返回-1if (row1 != row2 && col1 != col2) {return -1;}if (row1 == row2 && col1 == col2) {return -1;}// 计算两个棋子之间的有多少个棋子if (row1 == row2) { // 在同一行int min = col1 < col2 ? col1 : col2;int max = col1 > col2 ? col1 : col2;for (int col = min + 1; col < max; ++col) {if (getStoneId(row1, col) != -1) {++ret;}}}else { // 在同一列int min = row1 < row2 ? row1 : row2;int max = row1 > row2 ? row1 : row2;for (int row = min + 1; row < max; ++row) {if (getStoneId(row, col1) != -1) {++ret;}}}return ret;
}void Board::slotBack()
{back();
}

#ifndef STEP_H
#define STEP_H#include <QObject>class Step : public QObject
{Q_OBJECT
public:explicit Step(QObject *parent = 0);~Step();int _moveid;int _killid;int _rowFrom;int _colFrom;int _rowTo;int _colTo;signals:public slots:
};#endif // STEP_H

// Stone.h
// 棋子类，存储了棋子的基础信息#ifndef STONE_H
#define STONE_H#include <QString>class Stone
{
public:Stone();~Stone();enum TYPE{JIANG, CHE, PAO, MA, BING, SHI, XIANG};int _row;int _col;TYPE _type;int _id;bool _dead;bool _red;// 棋子的初始化void init(int id);// 判断_type返回相应字符串QString name();void rotate(); // 翻转棋盘};#endif // STONE_H

// Stone.cpp#include "Stone.h"
#include <QDebug>Stone::Stone()
{}Stone::~Stone()
{}void Stone::init(int id)
{struct {int row, col;Stone::TYPE type;} pos[16] = {{0, 0, Stone::CHE},{0, 1, Stone::MA},{0, 2, Stone::XIANG},{0, 3, Stone::SHI},{0, 4, Stone::JIANG},{0, 5, Stone::SHI},{0, 6, Stone::XIANG},{0, 7, Stone::MA},{0, 8, Stone::CHE},{2, 1, Stone::PAO},{2, 7, Stone::PAO},{3, 0, Stone::BING},{3, 2, Stone::BING},{3, 4, Stone::BING},{3, 6, Stone::BING},{3, 8, Stone::BING},};//_id = id;_dead = false;_red = id < 16;if (id < 16) { // 上方的棋子this->_row = pos[id].row;this->_col = pos[id].col;this->_type = pos[id].type;}else { // 下方的棋子this->_row = 9 - pos[id - 16].row;this->_col = 8 - pos[id - 16].col;this->_type = pos[id - 16].type;}
}QString Stone::name()
{switch (this->_type){case CHE:return "车";case MA:return "马";case PAO:return "炮";case BING:return "兵";case JIANG:return "将";case SHI:return "士";case XIANG:return "相";}return "错误";
}void Stone::rotate()
{this->_col = 8 - this->_col;this->_row = 9 - this->_row;
}

// main.cpp
// Chess游戏主程序
//
// Created by Lucifer Zhang on 2015-07-21.
// Copyright (c) 2015 Lucifer Zhang. All rights reserved.#include <QApplication>
#include "Board.h"int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{QApplication app(argc, argv);Board board;board.show();return app.exec();
}

工程代码详情：Github