package com.journaldev.servlet.async;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;public class AsyncRequestProcessor implements Runnable {private AsyncContext asyncContext;private int secs;public AsyncRequestProcessor() {}public AsyncRequestProcessor(AsyncContext asyncCtx, int secs) {this.asyncContext = asyncCtx;this.secs = secs;}@Overridepublic void run() {System.out.println("Async Supported? "+ asyncContext.getRequest().isAsyncSupported());longProcessing(secs);try {PrintWriter out = asyncContext.getResponse().getWriter();out.write("Processing done for " + secs + " milliseconds!!");} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}//complete the processingasyncContext.complete();}private void longProcessing(int secs) {// wait for given time before finishingtry {Thread.sleep(secs);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}

注意：在请求和响应时使用AsyncContext对象，然后在完成时调用 asyncContext.complete() 方法。

AsyncListener 实现

package com.journaldev.servlet.async;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.AsyncEvent;
import javax.servlet.AsyncListener;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;@WebListener
public class AppAsyncListener implements AsyncListener {@Overridepublic void onComplete(AsyncEvent asyncEvent) throws IOException {System.out.println("AppAsyncListener onComplete");// we can do resource cleanup activity here}@Overridepublic void onError(AsyncEvent asyncEvent) throws IOException {System.out.println("AppAsyncListener onError");//we can return error response to client}@Overridepublic void onStartAsync(AsyncEvent asyncEvent) throws IOException {System.out.println("AppAsyncListener onStartAsync");//we can log the event here}@Overridepublic void onTimeout(AsyncEvent asyncEvent) throws IOException {System.out.println("AppAsyncListener onTimeout");//we can send appropriate response to clientServletResponse response = asyncEvent.getAsyncContext().getResponse();PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();out.write("TimeOut Error in Processing");}}

通知的实现在 Timeout()方法，通过它发送超时响应给客户端。

Async Servlet 实现

这是我们的异步Servlet实现，注意使用AsyncContext和ThreadPoolExecutor进行处理。

package com.journaldev.servlet.async;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;import javax.servlet.AsyncContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/AsyncLongRunningServlet", asyncSupported = true)
public class AsyncLongRunningServlet extends HttpServlet {private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("AsyncLongRunningServlet Start::Name="+ Thread.currentThread().getName() + "::ID="+ Thread.currentThread().getId());request.setAttribute("org.apache.catalina.ASYNC_SUPPORTED", true);String time = request.getParameter("time");int secs = Integer.valueOf(time);// max 10 secondsif (secs > 10000)secs = 10000;AsyncContext asyncCtx = request.startAsync();asyncCtx.addListener(new AppAsyncListener());asyncCtx.setTimeout(9000);ThreadPoolExecutor executor = (ThreadPoolExecutor) request.getServletContext().getAttribute("executor");executor.execute(new AsyncRequestProcessor(asyncCtx, secs));long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("AsyncLongRunningServlet End::Name="+ Thread.currentThread().getName() + "::ID="+ Thread.currentThread().getId() + "::Time Taken="+ (endTime - startTime) + " ms.");}}

Run Async Servlet

现在，当我们将上面运行servlet URL：

http://localhost:8080/AsyncServletExample/AsyncLongRunningServlet?time=8000

得到响应和日志：

AsyncLongRunningServlet Start::Name=http-bio-8080-exec-50::ID=124
AsyncLongRunningServlet End::Name=http-bio-8080-exec-50::ID=124::Time Taken=1 ms.
Async Supported? true
AppAsyncListener onComplete

AsyncLongRunningServlet Start::Name=http-bio-8080-exec-44::ID=117
AsyncLongRunningServlet End::Name=http-bio-8080-exec-44::ID=117::Time Taken=1 ms.
Async Supported? true
AppAsyncListener onTimeout
AppAsyncListener onError
AppAsyncListener onComplete
Exception in thread "pool-5-thread-6" java.lang.IllegalStateException: The request associated with the AsyncContext has already completed processing.at org.apache.catalina.core.AsyncContextImpl.check(AsyncContextImpl.java:439)at org.apache.catalina.core.AsyncContextImpl.getResponse(AsyncContextImpl.java:197)at com.journaldev.servlet.async.AsyncRequestProcessor.run(AsyncRequestProcessor.java:27)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:895)at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:918)at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:680)

注意：Servlet线程执行完，很快就和所有主要的处理工作是发生在其他线程。

这是所有异步Servlet内容，希望你喜欢它。下载 AsyncServletExample 工程