目录

前言

使用Python内建的subprocess模块，能够实现外部程序的调用。如果你的工作环境是Windows系统，那么Python+Powershell的组合会为你的工作带来极大的便利。本篇介绍一个使用Python做数据处理，Powershell做系统调用的例子。

Powershell call Python

首先在Windows Server 2012 R2中使用Powershell脚本做数据收集，并存放到一个文件中。

#fileName = hd.ps1
#function for countdown
Function Countdown($number,$title,$text1,$text2='Pls Call Jmilk')
{Write-Host "Exit the Script after $number seconds" -ForegroundColor Red$Countdown = $numberfor($PercentComplete = $Countdown; $PercentComplete -ge 0; $PercentComplete--){Write-Progress -Activity $title -Status $text1 -CurrentOperation $text2 -SecondsRemaining $PercentComplete ; Sleep -Seconds 1;}
}#End Function CountdownWrite-Host "Welcome to use the script to create table for HI & OFR nodes status" -ForegroundColor Cyan
Write-Host "Building the file hd.txt...Pls be patient.The script will be auto-Exit after created the hd.txt file" -ForegroundColor Yellow#Change the rdtools path
$rdtoolsPath = 'E:\Users\userName\rdtools'
cd $rdtoolsPath$cmd = 'commands'  #commands of Data-Collection 因为保密条约不能将内部指令对外 cmd /c $cmd | Out-File -FilePath E:\Users\userName\Desktop\hd.txt  
#在powershell里调用了别的Shell所以需要使用cmd指令来实现环境变量的传递
#Out-File 将数据导出到文件Write-Host 'Build Done' -ForegroundColor Green#Powershell call python
Start-Process python E:\Users\userName\Desktop\hd.py 
#在收集完数据后调用Python做数据处理#结束并推出Powershell
Countdown 60 'Hd.ps1' 'Exiting...' 'Pls go to the next step!' 

Python call Powershell

主要使用了subprocess模块，subproocess的详细介绍，点击这里

#coding:utf8
#FileName=hd.pyimport os
import codecs
from openpyxl.workbook import Workbook
from openpyxl.writer.excel import ExcelWriter
from openpyxl.cell import get_column_letter
from openpyxl.cell import Cell
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
import subprocess#读取数据收集文件
def readFile(fileUrl):"""Read the file and return the file content"""try:#unicode filefileObject = codecs.open(fileUrl,'r',encoding='utf-16')except unicodeDecodeError:print "Pls check the encoding for hd.txt whether [unicode]"else:print("Unspecified Error,Pls call Jmilk")try:fileContent = fileObject.readlines()finally:fileObject.close()return fileContent#数据分类函数
def getNodeCountList(readLines):"""Get the different node status type and change the global variable"""i = 0for line in readLines:lineItem = line.split(':')if lineItem[0] == '---- \r\n':i += 1continueif lineItem[0] == '  Node State':if lineItem[1] == ' Ready count':global ReadyCountReadyCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2])if lineItem[1] == ' OutForRepair count':global OutForRepairCountOutForRepairCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2])if lineItem[1] == ' HumanInvestigate count':global HumanInvestigateCountHumanInvestigateCount[i-1] = int(lineItem[2])#生成Excel表格
def createTable():"""Create the HI‘s & OFR nodes status table"""wb = Workbook()ws = wb.worksheets[0]ws.title = u"NodeCount"for i in list(range(1,26)):ws.cell("A"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (cluster[i-1])ws.cell("B"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (HumanInvestigateCount[i-1])ws.cell("C"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (OutForRepairCount[i-1])ws.cell("D"+str(i)).value = '%s' % (ReadyCount[i-1])ws.cell("E"+str(i)).value = '%.2f%s' %((float(HumanInvestigateCount[i-1])/(HumanInvestigateCount[i-1]+OutForRepairCount[i-1]+ReadyCount[i-1]))*100,'%')wb.save("Hd.xlsx")#Python call powershell 使用powershell实现发送数据处理邮件  
def python_call_powershell(bodyStr):args = [r"C:\WINDOWS\system32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe","-ExecutionPolicy","Unrestricted",r"E:\Users\userName\Desktop\SendMail.ps1",str(bodyStr)]ps = subprocess.Popen(args,stdout=subprocess.PIPE)psReturn = ps.stdout.read()return psReturnif __name__ == '__main__':#Change to your user nameuser = 'userName'cluster = []ReadyCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]OutForRepairCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]HumanInvestigateCount = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]percentage = [0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0]fileUrl = 'E:\\Users\\' + user + '\\Desktop\\hd.txt'if os.path.exists(fileUrl):readContent = readFile(fileUrl)getNodeCountList(readContent)#createTable()else:print('Not exist the file!')for i in list(range(0,24)):percentage[i] = '%.2f%s' % ((float(HumanInvestigateCount[i])/(HumanInvestigateCount[i]+OutForRepairCount[i]+ReadyCount[i]))*100,'%')bodyStr = [x for li in [cluster,HumanInvestigateCount,OutForRepairCount,ReadyCount,percentage] for x in li]for index in list(range(0,24)):print cluster[index]+'\t',str(HumanInvestigateCount[index])+'\t',str(OutForRepairCount[index])+'\t',str(ReadyCount[index])+'\t'+percentage[index]print bodyStrcallResult = python_call_powershell(bodyStr)print callResult

Powershell发送邮件

#fileName = sendMail.ps1#Set secure password
Function Set-SecurePwd($storage)
{$mysecret = 'mailPassword'$mysecret | ConvertTo-SecureString -AsPlainText -Force |ConvertFrom-SecureString |Out-File -FilePath $storage$pw = Get-Content $storage | ConvertTo-SecureStringreturn $pw
}#End Function Set-SecurePwd#Sned Email
Function Send-Email($attach,$body)
{#$pwd = Set-SecurePwd $storage#$cred = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential "mailUsername",$pwd$to = "XXX@XXX.com"$from = "XXX@XXX.com"$cc = "XXX@XXX.com"$sub = "Number of statistics for Node status"$smtp = "SMTP.163.COM"Send-MailMessage -To $to -From $from -cc $cc -Subject $sub -Body  $body -BodyAsHtml  -SmtpServer $smtp -port 25 -Attachments $attach -Credential $cred -UseSsl if($?){Write-Host "Sent Successfully!" -ForegroundColor Green}else{Write-Host "Error" -ForegroundColor Red}
}#End Function Send-Email#Mail
$storage = "E:\Users\userName\Desktop\password.txt"
$attach = "E:\Users\userName\Desktop\Hd.xlsx"
$data = $args[0]   #获取Python传递过来的参数
$date = Get-Date
$currentTime = "{0:G}" -f $date.AddHours(16)
$body = "<html>Report of data deal with</html>" #使用HTML的方式来自定义邮件格式Send-Email $attach $body
Sleep 10

最后

在上面这个例子中，使用Powershell做数据收集，Python做数据处理，最后使用Powershell的内建方法Send-MailMessage来发送数据处理报告。实现的过程非常简便。