一，涉及知识点：

结构体链表，动态分配内存，键盘输入检测，设置光标。

 二，实现逻辑

1，涉及多个结构体，分别定义蛇，方向，结点，位置坐标，游戏 
2，结点串联形成链表，遍历获取成员坐标，打印符号得到蛇身。 
3，不断的加头，去尾，重新遍历坐标，再打印形成蛇的移动。
4，食物产生的位置判定，不能越界，也不能与蛇身体重合。 
5，蛇的转向判定，一条规则，不允许倒退。
6，转向的实现，跟行进方向决定新的关节坐标（当前头的上下左右） 
7，死亡检测，是否头节点坐标是否与墙壁重合，是否与身体其他关节重合。 
8，加速减速，设置刷新休眠时间实现。 
9，可以设置光标，就能实现制定位置打印制定符号。

源码

//Model.h  结构体头文件
#pragma oncetypedef enum Direction
{UP, DOWN, LEFT, RIGHT
}Direction;
typedef struct Position
{int x;int y;
}Position;
typedef struct Node
{Position pos;struct Node *next;
}Node;
typedef struct Snake
{Node *head;Node *tail;Direction direction;
}Snake;
typedef struct Game
{Snake snake;Position food;int width;int height;
}Game;

//View.h
#pragma once
#include "Model.h"void SetPos(int X, int Y);
void DisplayWall(int width, int height);
void DisplaySnake(const Snake *pSnake);
void DisplayFood(const Position *pFood);
void CleanSnakeNode(const Position *pPos);
void DisplaySnakeNode(const Position *pPos);
void GameDescription1();
void GameDescription2();

//View.c
#include "View.h"
#include "Model.h"
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>void ViewInit()
{HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO 这个结构体包含的是控制台光标的信息CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO ConsoleCursorInfo;GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &ConsoleCursorInfo);ConsoleCursorInfo.bVisible = FALSE;SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &ConsoleCursorInfo);
}
//设置光标位置
void SetPos(int X, int Y)
{HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);COORD coord = { X, Y };SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, coord);
}static void TranslateSetPos(int x, int y)
{int X = 2 * (x + 1);int Y = y + 1;SetPos(X, Y);
}void DisplayWall(int width, int height)
{ViewInit();// 上SetPos(0, 0);for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++) {printf("◆");}// 下SetPos(0, height + 1);for (int i = 0; i < width + 2; i++) {printf("◆");}// 左for (int i = 0; i < height + 2; i++) {SetPos(0, i);printf("◆");}// 右for (int i = 0; i < height + 2; i++) {SetPos(2 * (width + 1), i);printf("◆");}}void DisplaySnake(const Snake *pSnake)
{for (Node *node = pSnake->tail; node != NULL; node = node->next) {TranslateSetPos(node->pos.x, node->pos.y);printf("■");}
}void DisplayFood(const Position *pFood)
{TranslateSetPos(pFood->x, pFood->y);printf("■");
}void CleanSnakeNode(const Position *pPos)
{TranslateSetPos(pPos->x, pPos->y);printf(" ");
}void DisplaySnakeNode(const Position *pPos)
{TranslateSetPos(pPos->x, pPos->y);printf("■");
}
//游戏说明界面
void GameDescription1()
{SetPos(40, 14);printf("欢迎进入贪吃蛇游戏！\n\n");system("pause");system("color 5e");system("cls");SetPos(10, 14);printf("您将通过键盘控制蛇的移动： 上↑  下↓  左 ←  右→  加速F1  减速F2  暂停space  退出Esc");SetPos(10, 15);printf("吃到食物身体会变长\n");SetPos(10, 16);printf("撞到身体或墙壁游戏都会结束\n");system("pause");system("cls");
}
void GameDescription2()
{SetPos(64, 15);printf("不能穿墙，不能咬到自己\n");SetPos(64, 16);printf("用↑ ↓ ← → 控制蛇的移动.");SetPos(64, 17);printf("F1 为加速，F2 为减速\n");SetPos(64, 18);printf("ESC ：退出游戏    space：暂停游戏.");
}

//Controller.c
#include "Model.h"
#include "View.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <time.h>void SnakeInit(Snake *pSnake)
{//链表中头结点是蛇的尾巴，尾结点是蛇的头pSnake->tail = NULL;for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++){Node *node = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));//从蛇头开始创建结点node->pos.x = 7 + i;node->pos.y = 2;if (i == 0){pSnake->head = node;}node->next = pSnake->tail;pSnake->tail = node; }pSnake->direction = LEFT;
}
bool IsOverLap(Position pos,Snake *pSnake)
{Node *node;for (node = pSnake->tail; node != pSnake->head; node = node->next){if (node->pos.x == pos.x&&node->pos.y == pos.y){return true;}}return false;
}
//生成食物
Position GenerateFood(int width, int height, Snake *pSnake)
{Position pos;SetPos(1, 1);do{pos.x = rand() % width;pos.y = rand() % height;} while (IsOverLap(pos, pSnake));DisplayFood(&pos);return pos;
}
//初始化Game
void GameInit(Game *pGame)
{pGame->width = 28;pGame->height = 27;//初始化蛇SnakeInit(&pGame->snake);//初始化食物//pGame->food = GenerateFood(pGame->width, pGame->height, &pGame->snake);
}
//得到蛇即将要走的坐标
Position GetNextPosition(const Snake *pSnake)
{Position next = pSnake->head->pos;switch (pSnake->direction){case UP:next.y -= 1;break;case DOWN:next.y += 1;break;case LEFT:next.x -= 1;break;case RIGHT:next.x += 1;break;}return next;
}
//蛇头上加一格
void AddHead(Snake *pSnake, Position nextPos)
{Node *node = (Node *)malloc(sizeof(Node));node->pos = nextPos;node->next = NULL;pSnake->head->next = node;pSnake->head = node;DisplaySnakeNode(&nextPos);//注意这里传参 
}
//蛇尾减一格
void RemoveTail(Snake *pSnake)
{Node *tail = pSnake->tail;pSnake->tail = pSnake->tail->next; CleanSnakeNode(&tail->pos);free(tail);
}
//判断蛇能不能吃到食物
bool IsEat(Position food, Position next)
{return food.x == next.x&&food.y == next.y;
}
//判断蛇是否撞墙
bool KilledByWall(const Snake *pSnake,int width,int height)
{int x = pSnake->head->pos.x;int y = pSnake->head->pos.y;if (x>=0 && x<width && y>=0 && y<=height){return false;}return true;
}
//判断蛇是否撞到自己
bool KilledBySelf(const Snake *pSnake,Position nextPos)
{Node *node = pSnake->tail;for (node = pSnake->tail; node != pSnake->head; node = node->next){if (node->pos.x == nextPos.x&&node->pos.y == nextPos.y){return true;}}return false;
}
//判断死没死
bool GameOver(const Snake *pSnake,Position nextPos,int width,int height)
{if (KilledByWall(pSnake,width,height)){printf("撞墙了\n");return true;}if (KilledBySelf(pSnake,nextPos)){printf("自杀了\n");return true;}else{return false;}
}
//暂停游戏
void PauseGame()
{while (1){Sleep(300);if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE)){break;}}
}
void GameRun()
{Game game;int score = 0,            //得分add = 10,             //加分sleeptime = 200;      //正常速度GameInit(&game);GameDescription1();DisplayWall(game.width,game.height);DisplaySnake(&game.snake);game.food = GenerateFood(game.width, game.height, &game.snake);GameDescription2();while (1){SetPos(64, 10);printf("得分：%d ", score);SetPos(64, 11);printf("当前食物分值：%d分", add);if (game.snake.direction != DOWN&&GetAsyncKeyState(VK_UP)){game.snake.direction = UP;}else if (game.snake.direction != UP&&GetAsyncKeyState(VK_DOWN)){game.snake.direction = DOWN;}else if (game.snake.direction != RIGHT&&GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LEFT)){game.snake.direction = LEFT;}else if (game.snake.direction != LEFT&&GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RIGHT)){game.snake.direction = RIGHT;}else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_F1))   //加速{if (sleeptime > 50){sleeptime -= 30;add = add + 2;if (sleeptime == 320){add = 2;//防止减到1之后再加回来有错}}}else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_F2))   //减速{if (sleeptime < 350){sleeptime = sleeptime + 30;add = add - 2;if (sleeptime == 350){add = 1; //保证最低分为1}}}else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE)){//暂停PauseGame();}else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_ESCAPE)){//退出system("cls");SetPos(18,12 );printf("退出游戏\n");break;}Position nextPos = GetNextPosition(&game.snake);if (IsEat(game.food,nextPos)){//头上加一格AddHead(&game.snake,nextPos);score += add;//重新生成一个食物game.food = GenerateFood(game.width, game.height, &game.snake);}else{//头上加一格AddHead(&game.snake,nextPos);//尾巴减一格RemoveTail(&game.snake);}if (GameOver(&game.snake,nextPos,game.width,game.height)){break;}Sleep(sleeptime);}}//测试控制光标的位置
void DemoSetPos()
{HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);COORD coord;for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {coord.X = 2 * i;coord.Y = i;SetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, coord);printf("%02d", i);}
}int main()
{//DemoSetPos();srand((unsigned)time(NULL));system("title ★★贪吃蛇★★");   //改变命令窗口名字GameRun();system("pause");system("cls");return 0;}