作者：张华 发表于：2022-01-28
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( http://blog.csdn.net/quqi99 )

前言

Quagga是一个开源的基于Zebra实现了RIP, OSPF, BGP的动态路由软件。它提供的CLI命令和Cisco IOS类似 - https://blog.csdn.net/quqi99/article/details/9264373
网络测试需要机器来运行Quagga软路由，也需要机器来运行网络测试机，用裸机太麻烦，用虚机也麻烦，容器内的网络是隔离的还是用LXD容器吧 　－　https://blog.csdn.net/quqi99/article/details/52131486

注意，运行此测试，根目录至少得有5.5G硬盘空间.

sudo /snap/bin/lxc storage list
$ sudo du -h /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/storage-pools/default |tail -n1
5.5G    /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/storage-pools/default

本测试实现的OSPF网络拓扑如下图所示（也可以使用processon画图) ，两个路由器R1和R2, 两个测试机C1和C1, 三个OSPF AREA (0, 1, 2), 最终的目的得192.168.1.2可以ping通192.168.2.2

Install LXD

sudo snap install lxd
#all options use default values except storage backend=dir and ipv6=none
sudo /snap/bin/lxd init
ip addr show lxdbr0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc profile show default
sudo /snap/bin/lxc remote add faster https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/ubuntu-cloud-images/releases/server --protocol simplestreams
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch faster:20.04 R1

Make LXC Template for Router and Client

wget https://github.com/Quagga/quagga/releases/download/quagga-1.2.4/quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz
wget https://c-ares.org/download/c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz
/snap/bin/lxc file push ./quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz R1/root/
/snap/bin/lxc file push ./c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz R1/root/
/snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
tar -xf quagga-1.2.4.tar.gz
tar -xf c-ares-1.18.1.tar.gz
apt install gawk libreadline8 libreadline-dev pkg-config binutils gcc make -y
cd /root/c-ares-1.18.1
./configure && make && make install
cd ../quagga-1.2.4
./configure --enable-vtysh --enable-user=root --enable-group=root --enable-vty-group=root
make && make install
cat /etc/services
cp /usr/local/etc/zebra.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/zebra.conf
cp /usr/local/etc/vtysh.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/vtysh.conf
cp /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf.sample /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
cp /usr/local/lib/libzebra.so.1 /lib
cp /usr/local/lib/libospf* /lib/
groupadd quagga && useradd quagga -g quagga
zebra -d
apt install net-tools -y
exit
#sudo /snap/bin/lxc image export Quagga_Template . && sudo /snap/bin/lxd import <tarbal> --alias <alias>
sudo /snap/bin/lxc publish R1 --alias Quagga_Template --public --forcesudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /bin/bash
apt install net-tools -y
exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc publish C1 --alias Client_Ubuntu2004 --public --forcesudo /snap/bin/lxc delete R1 --force
sudo /snap/bin/lxc delete C1 --force

Configure R1, R2, C1, C2

# Connect R1 and C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template R1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Client_Ubuntu2004 C1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create C1R1 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.1.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C1R1 C1 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C1R1 R1 eth1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.1.1/24 dev eth1 && ip link set eth1 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.1.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 uproute add default gw 192.168.1.1ping 192.168.1.1exit# Connect R2 and C2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Quagga_Template R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc launch Client_Ubuntu2004 C2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create C2R2 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.2.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C2R2 C2 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach C2R2 R2 eth1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.2.1/24 dev eth1 && ip link set eth1 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C2 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.2.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 uproute add default gw 192.168.2.1ping 192.168.2.1exit# Connect R1R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network create R1R2 ipv6.address=none ipv4.address=192.168.0.1/24
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach R1R2 R1 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc network attach R1R2 R2 eth0
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up && exit
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/baship addr add 192.168.0.2/24 dev eth0 && ip link set eth0 up && exit# Configure OSPF on R1
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
cat << EOF | tee /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
! OSPF configuration file
hostname R1
password password
enable password password
router ospfospf router-id 192.168.0.1network 192.168.0.0/24 area 0network 192.168.1.0/24 area 1
debug ospf event
log file /usr/local/etc/ospfd.log
EOF
zebra -d && ospfd -d && exit# Configure OSPF on R2
sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
cat << EOF | tee /usr/local/etc/ospfd.conf
! OSPF configuration file
hostname R2
password password
enable password password
router ospfospf router-id 192.168.0.2network 192.168.0.0/24 area 0network 192.168.2.0/24 area 2
debug ospf event
log file /usr/local/etc/ospfd.log
EOF
zebra -d && ospfd -d && exit

Test Result

# Test - C1 -> C2
$ sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec C1 -- /usr/bin/ping 192.168.2.2 -c1
PING 192.168.2.2 (192.168.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=0.204 ms

Some Debug Data

sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R1 -- /bin/bash
vtysh
R1# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri State           Dead Time Address         Interface            RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
192.168.0.2       1 Full/Backup       37.551s 192.168.0.2     eth0:192.168.0.1         0     0     0sudo /snap/bin/lxc exec R2 -- /bin/bash
vtysh
R2# show ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID     Pri State           Dead Time Address         Interface            RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
192.168.0.1       1 Full/DR           36.633s 192.168.0.1     eth0:192.168.0.2         0     0     0R1# show ip ospf dataOSPF Router with ID (192.168.0.1)Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Link count
192.168.0.1     192.168.0.1      815 0x80000004 0x722a 1
192.168.0.2     192.168.0.2      269 0x80000005 0x6e2a 1Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum
192.168.0.1     192.168.0.1      815 0x80000001 0x941bSummary Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Route
192.168.1.0     192.168.0.1      785 0x80000002 0xfe7e 192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0     192.168.0.2      129 0x80000002 0xed8d 192.168.2.0/24R2# show ip ospf dataOSPF Router with ID (192.168.0.2)Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Link count
192.168.0.1     192.168.0.1      881 0x80000004 0x722a 1
192.168.0.2     192.168.0.2      333 0x80000005 0x6e2a 1Net Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum
192.168.0.1     192.168.0.1      882 0x80000001 0x941bSummary Link States (Area 0.0.0.0)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Route
192.168.1.0     192.168.0.1      852 0x80000002 0xfe7e 192.168.1.0/24
192.168.2.0     192.168.0.2      193 0x80000002 0xed8d 192.168.2.0/24Router Link States (Area 0.0.0.2)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Link count
192.168.0.2     192.168.0.2      843 0x80000003 0x3dc6 1Summary Link States (Area 0.0.0.2)
Link ID         ADV Router      Age  Seq#       CkSum  Route
192.168.0.0     192.168.0.2      293 0x80000003 0x027a 192.168.0.0/24
192.168.1.0     192.168.0.2      871 0x80000001 0x5f14 192.168.1.0/24

Reference

[1] https://blog.csdn.net/salmonwilliam/article/details/108887355