GUI（图形用户编程）编程

AWT

组件

窗口，面板，按钮，鼠标，键盘监听事件之类的

gui的核心技术

Swing 和 AWT

1. 因为界面不美观
2. 需要jre环境

为什么还要学

1. 可以写自己用的小工具
2. 可能在工作中维护Swing界面（概率极小，老公司
3. 了解MVC架构，了解监听！！

第一个Frame弹窗

public class TestFrame {   public static void main(String[] args) {      Frame frame = new Frame("我的第一个java图像窗口");       //设置可见性       frame.setVisible(true);     //设置窗口大小      frame.setSize(400,400);     //设置背景颜色       frame.setBackground(new Color(2,16,4));    //弹出的初始位置      frame.setLocation(200,200);    }

把上面的封装起来

public class myTestFrame {  public static void main(String[] args) {     MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100, 200, 400, 400, Color.CYAN);      MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300, 200, 400, 400, Color.yellow);      MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100, 300, 400, 400, Color.gray);      MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300, 300, 400, 400, Color.blue);    }
}  class MyFrame extends Frame {     static int id=0;        public MyFrame(int x, int y, int w, int h, Color col) {     super("myframe" +(++id));           setBackground(col);        setBounds(x,y,w,h);//长，宽，高位置都有了       setVisible(true);        }}

panel面板的使用

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
public class PanelStudy {    public static void main(String[] args) {     Frame frame1 = new Frame();       Panel panel = new Panel();      frame1.setLayout(null);       frame1.setBounds(200,200,500,500);   frame1.setBackground(new Color(255, 243, 117));     panel.setBounds(100,100,300,300);      panel.setBackground(new Color(148, 255, 81));        frame1.add(panel);       frame1.setVisible(true);         //监听事件，实行鼠标点击关闭（监听适配器）    frame1.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {        @Override          public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {      super.windowClosing(e);               //                System.exit(0);           // System.out.println(0);   可以输出东西：意外！！   、   }}        );    }

FlowLayout 流式布局

默认为中，从左到右

Button button1 = new Button();
Button button2 = new Button();
Button button3 = new Button();
frame1.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
panel.add(button1);
panel.add(button2);
panel.add(button3);

BorderLayout 东西南北中布局

public class BorderLayoutTest {    public static void main(String[] args) {   BorderLayout borderLayout1 = new BorderLayout();   Frame frame = new Frame();        Button east = new Button("east");     Button west = new Button("west");    Button south = new Button("south");   Button north = new Button("north");    Button center = new Button("center");     frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);     frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);      frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);   frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);  frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);    frame.setVisible(true);        frame.setSize(200,200);       //监听关闭       frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {   @Override           public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {       super.windowClosing(e);             System.exit(0);            }        });

GridLayout（2,1）栅格布局

做出如下的图像

不知道为什么两边的按钮如此的小

主要是面板的嵌套，在初始化时就要设置

[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-QQXd78Py-1636275665085)(C:\Users\74771\AppData\Roaming\Typora\typora-user-images\1632741693874.png)]

public class Tset1 {  public static void main(String[] args) {    //面板初始化Frame frame = new Frame();      Panel panel1 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());       Panel panel2 = new Panel(new BorderLayout());    Panel panel3 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,1)); Panel panel4 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));      frame.setBounds(500,500,1000,1000);       frame.setBackground(Color.CYAN);      Button bt1 = new Button();      Button bt2 = new Button();      Button bt3 = new Button();      Button bt4 = new Button();      //添加frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,1));   frame.add(panel1);      frame.add(panel2);       //上半部分，主要是面板的几种布局：流式，东西南北中，阑珊panel1.add(bt1,BorderLayout.WEST);     panel1.add(panel3,BorderLayout.CENTER);     panel1.add(bt2,BorderLayout.EAST);    panel3.add(bt3,BorderLayout.NORTH);     panel3.add(bt4,BorderLayout.SOUTH);  //下半部分panel2.add(new Button(),BorderLayout.WEST);   panel2.add(new Button(),BorderLayout.EAST);     panel2.add(panel4,BorderLayout.CENTER);      panel4.add(new Button());    panel4.add(new Button());    panel4.add(new Button());      panel4.add(new Button());      frame.setVisible(true);       frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {        @Override           public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {           super.windowClosing(e);              System.exit(0);            }        });    }

事件监听

重写一个class监听多个按钮，不用匿名内部类

public class listenStudy {   public static void main(String[] args) {    Frame frame = new Frame();        Button button1 = new Button("start");  Button button2 = new Button("stop");       frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);      frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.NORTH);      //两个按钮实现同一个监听,匿名内部类,      // 太麻烦了，应该再写一个类，明天吧，今天图书馆快要闭关了。2021.9.27      //重点是把匿名内部类分离出来，像在另一个类class中创建，写在下面就OK了        // 明天见。button1.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//        @Override//           public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//                System.out.println(e.getActionCommand());//     }//        });    button2.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//       @Override//          public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {//                System.out.println(e.getActionCommand());//        }//        });      myListen mylisten = new myListen();         button1.addActionListener(mylisten);        button2.addActionListener(mylisten);      frame.pack();       frame.setVisible(true);      windowClose(frame);    }   //关闭public static void windowClose(Frame frame){           frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {     @Override          public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {                System.exit(0);            super.windowClosing(e);            }        });    }}//再实现一个监听类就OK了class myListen implements ActionListener {    @Override   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {            if(e.getActionCommand()=="start"){            System.out.println("66666666");      }else {           System.out.println("12345678");        }  }}

代码格式多个类

public class Test1 {  public static void main(String[] args) {       new myFrame();       //都在其他类实现   }}class myFrame extends Frame{//接口，还是继承要弄明白    public myFrame() {        TextField textField = new TextField();       add(textField);       //必须new一个监听对象，自己写监听类    MyListen myListen1 = new MyListen();     textField.addActionListener( myListen1);         //设置替换编码       textField.setEchoChar('*');     pack();       setVisible(true);    }}class MyListen implements ActionListener{    @Override   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {    TextField field =  (TextField) e.getSource();   System.out.println(field.getText());       //重置文本框内容        field.setText("");    }}

计算器

public class Calc {  public static void main(String[] args) {      new Calculator();    }
}class Calculator extends Frame{  public Calculator(){     TextField textField1 = new TextField(10);       TextField textField2 = new TextField(10);     TextField textField3 = new TextField(20);    Label label = new Label("+");      Button button = new Button("=");    setLayout(new FlowLayout());       add(textField1);      add(label);        add(textField2);    add(button);      add(textField3);  //挂监听，直接监文本内容，文本框就不用挂监听了button.addActionListener(new myListen2(textField1,textField2,textField3));       pack();        setVisible(true);    }}class  myListen2 implements ActionListener{   private TextField num1,num2,num3;  public  myListen2(TextField num1,TextField num2,TextField num3) {  this.num1 = num1;      this.num2 = num2;      this.num3 = num3;    } //必须在自动的这个类里实现，上面的只是接受数据   @Override   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {  int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;    int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;       num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));    }}

更加面向对象

public class Calc {public static void main(String[] args) {new Calculator();}
}class Calculator extends Frame{TextField num1,num2,num3;public Calculator(){num1 = new TextField(10);num2 = new TextField(10);num3 = new TextField(20);Label label = new Label("+");Button button = new Button("=");setLayout(new FlowLayout());add(num1);add(label);add(num2);add(button);add(num3);//直接把计算器这个类丢进去，thisbutton.addActionListener(new myListen2(this));pack();setVisible(true);}
}
class  myListen2 implements ActionListener{Calculator cal = null;public  myListen2(Calculator cal) {this.cal = cal;}//必须在自动的这个类里实现，上面的只是接受数据@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int n1 = Integer.parseInt(cal.num1.getText()) ;int n2 = Integer.parseInt(cal.num2.getText()) ;cal.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));}
}

内部类写才是yyds

最大好处，畅通的访问外部类的属性和方法。更好包装，省代码，但不能外用

public class Calc {public static void main(String[] args) {new Calculator();}
}class Calculator extends Frame{TextField num1,num2,num3;public Calculator(){num1 = new TextField(10);num2 = new TextField(10);num3 = new TextField(20);Label label = new Label("+");Button button = new Button("=");setLayout(new FlowLayout());add(num1);add(label);add(num2);add(button);add(num3);button.addActionListener(new myListen2());pack();setVisible(true);}private  class  myListen2 implements ActionListener{@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText()) ;int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText()) ;num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));}}
}

鼠标监听

public class mouseListen {public static void main(String[] args) {new myFrame2();}
}class myFrame2 extends Frame{//存鼠标的点ArrayList points = new ArrayList();public myFrame2(){setBounds(200,200,400,400);this.addMouseListener(new MouseListener());setVisible(true);}@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) {Iterator it =  points.iterator();while(it.hasNext()){Point point = (Point) it.next();g.setColor(Color.blue);g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);}}private class MouseListener extends MouseAdapter{@Overridepublic void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {//e 是object类，转换为frame类//Frame myframe  = (Frame) e.getSource();//自带点的位置的类points.add(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));repaint();//new Point(e.getX(),e.getY());}}

窗口监听

内部类变为匿名内部类

内部类

public class windowListen {public static void main(String[] args) {new myWindow();}
}
class myWindow extends Frame {public myWindow() {setBounds(100,100,200,200);setBackground(Color.cyan);setVisible(true);addWindowListener(new myWindowListen());}private class myWindowListen extends WindowAdapter {@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {setVisible(false);System.exit(0);}}
}

匿名内部类

public class windowListen {public static void main(String[] args) {new myWindow();}
}
class myWindow extends Frame {public myWindow() {setBounds(100,100,200,200);setBackground(Color.cyan);setVisible(true);// addWindowListener(new myWindowListen());this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {@Overridepublic void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {setVisible(false);System.exit(0);}});}
}

键盘监听

监听用匿名内部类，省事，省代码

public class keyListen {public static void main(String[] args) {
//     int i=1111;
//        System.out.println( Integer.toString(i,16));new myKeyListener();}
}
class  myKeyListener extends Frame {public myKeyListener() {setBounds(100,300,400,400);setBackground(Color.cyan);setVisible(true);this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {@Overridepublic void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {if(0x26==e.getKeyCode()){System.out.println("冷月葬花魂");}else{System.out.println("今夕何夕");}}});}
}

Swing

JLable 标签

public class JFrame02  {public static void main(String[] args) {new MyFrame().init();}}
class MyFrame extends JFrame{public void init(){this.setBounds(100,100,200,400);this.setVisible(true);JLabel label = new JLabel("白也诗无敌",SwingConstants.CENTER);this.add(label);//获得一个容器Container con = this.getContentPane();con.setBackground(Color.YELLOW);//关闭事件setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}
}

标签+图片

URL url = imageDemo.class.getResource(“1630545325593.jpg”);

获得当前class中的图片

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;public class imageDemo extends JFrame{public imageDemo() {JLabel label = new JLabel();//读图片URL url = imageDemo.class.getResource("1630545325593.jpg");ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);label.setIcon(imageIcon);label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);Container contentPane = getContentPane();contentPane.add(label);setVisible(true);setBounds(100,100,200,200);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}public static void main(String[] args) {new imageDemo();}}

弹窗

1. 关于Swing 必需要有容器 //JFrame 放东西，容器
   Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
2. 绝度布局

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;public class diaLog extends JFrame {public diaLog() {this.setVisible(true);this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);//JFrame 放东西，容器Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();// 绝度布局// contentPane.setLayout(null);JButton button = new JButton("点击弹出一个对话框");button.setBounds(100,100,50,50);button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {//监听器@Overridepublic void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {new myDialog();}});contentPane.add(button);}public static void main(String[] args) {new diaLog();}}
class myDialog extends JDialog{public myDialog() {this.setVisible(true);this.setBounds(200,200,200,200);Container contentPane1 = this.getContentPane();//  contentPane1.setLayout(null);contentPane1.add(new JLabel("不知日月"));}
}

按钮

图片按钮

public class jButton extends JFrame {public jButton() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();//获得图片且变为图标URL resource = jButton.class.getResource("1630545325593.jpg");ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(resource);//将图片加到按钮上JButton jButton = new JButton();jButton.setIcon(imageIcon);contentPane.add(jButton);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setSize(200,200);}public static void main(String[] args) {new jButton();}
}

---

多选框按钮

JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox(“BBB”);

public class JButtonDemo extends JFrame {public JButtonDemo() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();//JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("AAA");JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("BBB");contentPane.add(jCheckBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);contentPane.add(jCheckBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setSize(100,100);}public static void main(String[] args) {new JButtonDemo();}
}

列表与下拉列表

public class ComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {public ComboboxDemo01() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();jComboBox.addItem("元迎叹惜");jComboBox.addItem("妙黛");jComboBox.addItem("王熙凤");contentPane.add(jComboBox);this.setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setSize(200,200);}public static void main(String[] args) {new ComboboxDemo01();}
}public class ComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {public ComboboxDemo02() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();Vector objects = new Vector();JList jList = new JList(objects);objects.add("liBai");objects.add("duFu");contentPane.add(jList);this.setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setSize(200,200);}public static void main(String[] args) {new ComboboxDemo02();}
}

文本框

密码文本框与此差不多

password罢了

public class TextDemo extends JFrame {public TextDemo() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();JTextField jTextField = new JTextField("12345");contentPane.add(jTextField);

面板

 public TextDemo() {Container contentPane = getContentPane();//文本域JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);jTextArea.setText("123445");//Scroll面板可以滚动JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);contentPane.add(jScrollPane);this.setVisible(true);setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);setSize(200,200);}public static void main(String[] args) {new TextDemo();}
}