一、问题描述

我们在做有关于图形绘制方面的问题非常之多。比如，有时我们用普通的方法去绘制图形，会产生闪屏的现象，导致我们所做的游戏或者是别的项目效果非常差，这完全不是我们想要的结果。那么，有没有一种技术，实现不闪屏的效果，特别是在多线程环境下。答案是有的，这就是Java的什么技术——双缓冲技术。

                    图1 双缓冲技术效果图

二、实现方法

1、首先，我们定义一个类继承JFrame，要自定义绘图，我们就要实现JFrame的paint()方法，如下：

@Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {}

2、创建一个缓冲区画笔；

public BufferedImage(int width,int height,int imageType)width          缓冲区的宽度       height         缓冲区的高度imageType      缓冲图形模式

// 创建一个缓冲区
BufferedImage paint = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);
// 得到缓冲区的画笔
Graphics g2 = paint.getGraphics();

3、将你想要绘制的图形绘制在缓冲区内；

// 将想要绘制的图形绘制到缓冲区
g2.drawImage(GameImage.getInstance().game_main_bg, 0, 0, width, height,this);

4、将缓冲区的图形绘制到显示面板上；

g.drawImage(paint, 0, 0, this);

经过上面四步之后，我们就解决了闪屏的问题，现在放心大胆的去做你的游戏吧！

三、项目源码

由于项目过大，源码只给出了双缓冲技术得用法，具体的实现并没有做。如果想验证源码的，可以联系我要项目所用到的图片，也可以上网查找。

由于技术和能力有限，文中难免会有错误之处，还望指正，谢谢合作！

1、程序入口类Main.java

/*** 主函数入口* @author Admin**/
public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {new MainGameFrame();}}

2、游戏主界面类MainGameFrame.java

/*** 游戏主面板* * @author Admin**/
public class MainGameFrame extends JFrame implements Runnable {private int width = 1200;private int height = 600;private BufferedImage clickGame;private List<PlantAutoMoveInfo> allPlant;private boolean isRunnableStart;public MainGameFrame() {isRunnableStart = true;new Thread(this).start();init();newPlant();}/*** 创造植物*/private void newPlant() {allPlant = new ArrayList<PlantAutoMoveInfo>();//如果你想让所有的植物都不是相同的动作，//你可以在PlantAutoMoveInfo去控制它切换图片的时机// constructor sunflowerPlantAutoMoveInfo plantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(300, 100),Constants.SUNFLOWER, GameImage.getInstance().sunflower);allPlant.add(plantObj);plantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(300, 250),Constants.SUNFLOWER, GameImage.getInstance().sunflower);allPlant.add(plantObj);// constructor peaplantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(400, 100), Constants.PEA,GameImage.getInstance().pea);allPlant.add(plantObj);plantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(400, 250), Constants.PEA,GameImage.getInstance().pea);allPlant.add(plantObj);// constructor nutplantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(500, 100), Constants.NUT,GameImage.getInstance().nut);allPlant.add(plantObj);plantObj = new PlantAutoMoveInfo(new Point(500, 250), Constants.NUT,GameImage.getInstance().nut);allPlant.add(plantObj);}/*** 绘制图像*/@Overridepublic void paint(Graphics g) {// 创建一个缓冲区BufferedImage paint = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);// 得到缓冲区的画笔Graphics g2 = paint.getGraphics();// 将想要绘制的图形绘制到缓冲区// draw background imageg2.drawImage(GameImage.getInstance().game_main_bg, 0, 0, width, height,this);// 绘制植物for (PlantAutoMoveInfo obj : allPlant) {g2.drawImage(obj.getShowImage(), (int) obj.getPos().getX(),(int) obj.getPos().getY(), this);}// 将缓冲区的图形绘制到显示面板上g.drawImage(paint, 0, 0, this);}private void init() {this.setTitle("植物大战僵尸");this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);this.setLocation(200, 200);this.setSize(width, height);this.setVisible(true);}/*** 当游戏界面图形变化时，我们要不断的刷新显示*/@Overridepublic void run() {while (isRunnableStart) {this.repaint();try {Thread.sleep(50);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}

3、图片获取类GameImage.java

/*** 获取图片* @author Admin**/
public class GameImage {//plantpublic static List<BufferedImage> sunflower;public static List<BufferedImage> nut;public static List<BufferedImage> pea;//game main bgpublic static BufferedImage game_main_bg;private static GameImage instance = null;/*** 提供对外接口，并加上同步锁* @return*/public static GameImage getInstance() {if(instance == null){synchronized(GameImage.class){if(instance == null){instance = new GameImage();}}}return instance;}private  GameImage(){sunflower = new ArrayList<BufferedImage>();nut = new ArrayList<BufferedImage>();pea = new ArrayList<BufferedImage>();try {game_main_bg = ImageIO.read(new File("image\\bk1.jpg"));//plantfor(int i=1;i<=11;i++){     nut.add(ImageIO.read(new File("image\\plant\\p_3_0"+i+".png")));if(i <= 8){sunflower.add(ImageIO.read(new File("image\\plant\\p_1_0"+i+".png")));pea .add(ImageIO.read(new File("image\\plant\\p_2_0"+i+".png")));}}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}

4、植物信息保存类PlantAutoMoveInfo.java

/*** 植物信息业务类* @author Admin**/
public class PlantAutoMoveInfo implements Runnable{//植物对象的坐标private Point pos;//线程执行标识private boolean isStart;//将要显示的图片private BufferedImage showImage;//显示图片索引值private int index;//构造植物对象的类型private int type;//阳光每隔多少秒产生private int SUNTIME;//阳光产生剩余时间private int tempTime;//判断是否可以生产阳光private boolean isProduction;//产生植物动画的所有图片private List<BufferedImage> plantImage;public PlantAutoMoveInfo(Point pos,int type,List<BufferedImage> gameImage) {this.pos = pos;this.plantImage = gameImage;SUNTIME = Constants.PRODUCTION_SUNNING_TIME;index = 0;tempTime = 0;showImage = plantImage.get(index);this.type = type;isStart = true; isProduction = false;new Thread(this).start();}public PlantAutoMoveInfo() {}public void stopSunflowerThread(boolean bool){isStart = bool;}public boolean isProduction() {return isProduction;}public int getType() {return type;}public void setType(int type) {this.type = type;}public void setProduction(boolean isProduction) {this.isProduction = isProduction;}public Point getPos() {return pos;}public void setPos(Point pos) {this.pos = pos;}public boolean isStart() {return isStart;}public void setStart(boolean isStart) {this.isStart = isStart;}public BufferedImage getShowImage() {return showImage;}public void setShowImage(BufferedImage showImage) {this.showImage = showImage;}public int getTempTime() {return tempTime;}public void setTempTime(int tempTime) {this.tempTime = tempTime;}@Overridepublic void run() {while(isStart){index++;showImage = plantImage.get(index % plantImage.size());try {Thread.sleep(150);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}if(type == Constants.SUNFLOWER && !isProduction){tempTime++;if((tempTime * 150) >= SUNTIME * 1000){isProduction = true;}}}}}

6、常量类Constants.java

/*** 常量类* @author Admin**/
public class Constants {public final static int SUNFLOWER = 0x0002;public final static int PEA = 0x0004;public final static int NUT = 0x0008;public final static int PRODUCTION_SUNNING_TIME = 0;}