界面展示

我们利用前面所学的知识做一个图形界面的通信录，如下所示

利用listview做通信录信息的显示
然后添加4个按钮，添加，删除，修改和查询

点击添加和修改按钮会弹出 dialog窗口，进行编辑

输入信息后，

点击确定，则完成操作

代码实例

主要界面代码实例

//主窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{/*回调函数参数：hwnd : 窗口句柄message : 消息IDwParam和lParam：消息参数*/HDC hdc;static TCHAR  szBuffer[128];static HWND childHwnd;        //子窗口句柄   static HWND hBtn, hBtn2, hBtn3, hBtn4;static int i,szlist;PAINTSTRUCT ps;static HWND hListview;static LV_COLUMN lvc;//LVCOLUMN结构体，定义listview的列属性static LVITEM vitem;//LVITEM结构体，定义listview的项的数据属性static int idComboBox;int n,wmId, wmEvent;//static int nSelectItem;int nSelectIndex;init(&contactlist);//初始化通信录switch (message){case WM_SIZE:{ hdc = GetDC(hWnd);cxClient = LOWORD(lParam);//当前x像素cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);//当前y像素//wsprintf(szBuffer, TEXT("%d,%d"), cxClient, cyClient);ReleaseDC(hWnd, hdc);return 0;}//定义父窗口回调函数 WndProc, 在处理 WM_CREATE 消息时创建子窗口:case WM_CREATE:        //在接收到 WM_CREATE 消息时创建一个子窗口      {       //创建逻辑字体hFont = CreateFont(-18/*高度*/, -9/*宽度*/, 0, 0, 400 /*一般这个值设为400*/,FALSE/*不带斜体*/, FALSE/*不带下划线*/, FALSE/*不带删除线*/,DEFAULT_CHARSET,  //使用默认字符集OUT_CHARACTER_PRECIS, CLIP_CHARACTER_PRECIS,  //这行参数不用管DEFAULT_QUALITY,  //默认输出质量FF_DONTCARE,  //不指定字体族*/TEXT("微软雅黑")); //字体名//创建listview子窗口hListview = CreateWindow(TEXT("SysListView32"), TEXT("LISTVIEW"),WS_VISIBLE | WS_CHILD | WS_BORDER | LVS_REPORT | LVS_SHOWSELALWAYS,/*WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | WS_CLIPCHILDREN| LVS_REPORT | LVS_AUTOARRANGE | LVS_SHOWSELALWAYS| LVS_SHAREIMAGELISTS | LVS_SINGLESEL,*/10, 10, 550, 490,hWnd, NULL, hInst, NULL);ListView_SetExtendedListViewStyle(hListview, LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT | LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES | LVS_EX_GRIDLINES);/*LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT 选中高亮，可以进行整行选中LVS_EX_CHECKBOXES 勾选框LVS_EX_GRIDLINES 网格线*/lvc.mask = LVCF_FMT | LVCF_WIDTH | LVCF_TEXT | LVCF_SUBITEM;//指定哪些成员包含有效信息的变量。该成员可以是零        lvc.fmt = LVCFMT_CENTER;  //列标题与列中子项文本的对齐方式。最左边一列的对齐方式始终是 LVCFMT_LEFT；lvc.pszText = TEXT("ID");//列的名称，如果正在设置列信息，则此成员是包含列标题文本的以空字符结尾的字符串的地址lvc.cx = 0;//设置列的宽度 ，这样就不会显示第一列SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTCOLUMN, 0, (LPARAM)&lvc); //LVM_INSERTCOLUMN表示添加列表示添加列,给第1列添加标体lvc.pszText = TEXT("姓名");//列的名称，如果正在设置列信息，则此成员是包含列标题文本的以空字符结尾的字符串的地址lvc.cx = 100;//设置列的宽度   SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTCOLUMN, 1, (LPARAM)&lvc); //LVM_INSERTCOLUMN表示添加列表示添加列,给第1列添加标体lvc.pszText = TEXT("年龄");lvc.cx = 100;SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTCOLUMN, 2, (LPARAM)&lvc);lvc.pszText = TEXT("电话");lvc.cx = 100;SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTCOLUMN, 3, (LPARAM)&lvc);lvc.pszText = TEXT("地址");//lvc.cx = cxClient - 400;SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTCOLUMN, 4, (LPARAM)&lvc);ListView_SetColumnWidth(hListview,4, LVSCW_AUTOSIZE_USEHEADER);//SendMessage(hListview, LVM_SETTEXTCOLOR, 0, RGB(255, 255, 255));//设置文字颜色//SendMessage(hListview, LVM_SETTEXTBKCOLOR, 0, RGB(100, 0, 200));//设置文字背景颜色//SendMessage(hListview, LVM_SETBKCOLOR, 0, RGB(150, 255, 50));//设置控件背景颜色vitem.mask = LVIF_TEXT;szlist = contactlist.size;//获得通信录大小           for (i = 0; i < szlist; i++){//先添加项再设置子项内容   //插入第一行数据，这一段代码是不可以少的。      vitem.iItem = i;//第几行的数据vitem.iSubItem = 0;//第1列  SendMessage(hListview, LVM_INSERTITEM, 0, (LPARAM)&vitem);//第一列为空数据,不添加数据。vitem.iSubItem = 1;//第2列  vitem.cchTextMax = 20;vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].name;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);// 设置子项  vitem.iSubItem = 2;//第3列vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].age;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 3;//第4列vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].tel;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 4;//第5列         vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].address;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);}//添加按钮控件hBtn = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"), TEXT("添加"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, //*默认按钮样式*/,570 /*X坐标*/, 20 /*Y坐标*/, 80 /*宽度*/, 30/*高度*/,hWnd, (HMENU)1 /*控件唯一标识符*/, hInst, NULL);SendMessage(hBtn, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);//设置按钮字体//删除按钮控件hBtn2 = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"),  //按钮控件的类名TEXT("删除"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, //*默认按钮样式*/,570 /*X坐标*/, 60 /*Y坐标*/, 80 /*宽度*/, 30/*高度*/,hWnd, (HMENU)2 /*控件唯一标识符*/, hInst, NULL);SendMessage(hBtn2, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);//设置按钮字体//修改按钮控件hBtn3 = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"),  //按钮控件的类名TEXT("修改"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, //*默认按钮样式*/,570 /*X坐标*/, 100 /*Y坐标*/, 80 /*宽度*/, 30/*高度*/,hWnd, (HMENU)3 /*控件唯一标识符*/, hInst, NULL);SendMessage(hBtn3, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);//设置按钮字体//查询按钮控件hBtn4 = CreateWindow(TEXT("button"),  //按钮控件的类名TEXT("查询"),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | BS_DEFPUSHBUTTON, //*默认按钮样式*/,570 /*X坐标*/, 140 /*Y坐标*/, 80 /*宽度*/, 30/*高度*/,hWnd, (HMENU)4 /*控件唯一标识符*/, hInst, NULL);SendMessage(hBtn4, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);//设置按钮字体break;}case WM_COMMAND:wmId = LOWORD(wParam);wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);switch (wmId) {case 1:  //按下添加按钮//INT_PTR back = (INT_PTR)DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), hWnd, MyDlgProc);i= AddItem(hWnd, hListview,vitem,i);        break;case 2://int nSelectItem;i = DelItem(hWnd, hListview, vitem, i);break;case 3:EditItem(hWnd, hListview, vitem);          break;case 4:          nSelectIndex = SendMessage(hListview, LVM_GETNEXTITEM, -1, LVNI_SELECTED);//选择数据行数的第二种方法if (nSelectIndex != -1) {//判断是否选中一行//wstrText[4][128] = { 0 };//通过一个for循环 能够获取第 nSelectIndex item的所有内容for (n = 0; n < 4; n++){ListView_GetItemText(hListview, nSelectIndex, n, wstrText[n], sizeof(wstrText[n]));}wsprintf(szUserInfo, TEXT("姓名：%s\r\n年龄：%s\r\n电话： %s\r\n地址： %s"), wstrText[0], wstrText[1], wstrText[2], wstrText[3]);MessageBox(hWnd, szUserInfo, TEXT("提示信息"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);}else {MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("未选择数据，请选择数据！！"), TEXT("提示信息"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);}break;case IDM_ADD: //点击添加//MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("添加数据"), TEXT("提示信息"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);i = AddItem(hWnd, hListview, vitem, i);break;case IDM_MOD://点击编辑// MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("修改数据"), TEXT("提示信息"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);EditItem(hWnd, hListview, vitem);break;case IDM_DEL://点击删除选项//MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("删除数据"), TEXT("提示信息"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);i = DelItem(hWnd, hListview, vitem, i);break;default://不处理的消息一定要交给 DefWindowProc 处理。return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}break;//在listVIEW控件上点击鼠标消息响应。case WM_NOTIFY: // the message that is being sent always{LPNMHDR lpNmhdr = (LPNMHDR)lParam;//if (lpNmhdr->idFrom == LISTVIEW)if (lpNmhdr->code == NM_CLICK)// 点击鼠标左键显示所在的行列情况{//设置要获取的行列信息//int iItem = ((LPNMITEMACTIVATE)lParam)->iItem;//int iSubItem = ((LPNMITEMACTIVATE)lParam)->iSubItem;// 发送消息获取数据//ListView_GetItem(lpNmhdr->hwndFrom, &vitem);// wsprintf(szUserInfo, TEXT("你在列表中点击左键选中了一项,行 %d列 %d"), iItem, iSubItem);//MessageBox(hWnd, szUserInfo, TEXT("提示信息"), MB_OK | MB_ICONWARNING);//nSelectItem = ListView_GetSelectionMark(hListview); //获取鼠标选中项的索引}if (lpNmhdr->code == NM_RCLICK)// 点击鼠标右键弹出菜单{// 1. 获取点击的位置，获取的是相对于桌面的POINT Point = { 0 };GetCursorPos(&Point);// 2. 获取一个子菜单HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu(GetModuleHandle(NULL), MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MENU1));HMENU hSubMenu = GetSubMenu(hMenu, 0);// 3. 弹出菜单TrackPopupMenu(hSubMenu, TPM_LEFTALIGN, Point.x, Point.y, 0, hWnd, NULL);            }break;}case WM_PAINT://窗口绘画：点{//int x, xLast;HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);//函数为指定窗口进行绘画作准备，并用将和绘画有关的信息填充到一个 PAINTSTRUCT 结构中。EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);return 0;}case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:      break;case WM_MOUSEMOVE://鼠标移动{xPos = GET_X_LPARAM(lParam);//鼠标位置X坐标yPos = GET_Y_LPARAM(lParam);//鼠标位置Y坐标//不要用LOWORD和HIWORD获取坐标，因为坐标有可能是负的break;}case WM_CLOSE://询问窗口是否关闭{if (MessageBox(hWnd, TEXT("要关闭程序吗？"), TEXT("请确认"), MB_YESNO | MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDYES){DestroyWindow(hWnd);     //关闭程序   }elsereturn 0;//表示处理了此消息，系统不再处理break;}case WM_DESTROY:{DeleteObject(hFont);PostQuitMessage(0);break;}default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}// “关于”dialog框的消息处理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK MyDlgProc(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{HWND hLabUsername;HWND hLabAge;HWND hLabelDept;HWND hLabelPost;static HWND hEditUsername;static HWND hEditAge;static HWND hEditDept;static HWND hEditPost;int wmId, wmEvent, iUsername, iAge;UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);switch (message){case WM_INITDIALOG:{SetWindowPos(hDlg,HWND_TOP,200,200,0, 0,          // Ignores size arguments. SWP_NOSIZE);//创建按钮控件//创建静态文本框控件--用户名hLabUsername = CreateWindow(TEXT("static"), TEXT("姓名："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE /*垂直居中*/ | SS_RIGHT /*水平居右*/,0 /*x坐标*/, 20 /*y坐标*/, 70 /*宽度*/, 26 /*高度*/,hDlg /*父窗口句柄*/,(HMENU)11 /*控件ID*/,hInst /*当前程序实例句柄*/, NULL);//创建静态文本框控件--密码hLabAge = CreateWindow(TEXT("static"), TEXT("年龄："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE /*垂直居中*/ | SS_RIGHT/*水平居右*/,0, 56, 70, 26,hDlg, (HMENU)12, hInst, NULL);//创建单行文本框控件hEditUsername = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), TEXT(""),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER /*边框*/ | ES_AUTOHSCROLL/*水平滚动*/,80, 20, 200, 25,hDlg, (HMENU)13, hInst, NULL);SendMessage(hEditUsername, WM_SETTEXT, 0, (LPARAM)wstrText[0]);//创建密码输入框hEditAge = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), TEXT(""),//WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_Age /*密码*/ | ES_AUTOHSCROLL /*水平滚动*/,WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER | ES_AUTOHSCROLL /*水平滚动*/,80, 56, 200, 25,hDlg, (HMENU)14, hInst, NULL);SetWindowText(hEditAge, wstrText[1]);//创建静态文本框控件--部门hLabelDept = CreateWindow(TEXT("static"), TEXT("电话："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE /*垂直居中*/ | SS_RIGHT /*水平居右*/,0, 92, 70, 26,hDlg, (HMENU)15, hInst, NULL);//创建单行文本框控件hEditDept = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), TEXT(""),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER /*边框*/ | ES_AUTOHSCROLL/*水平滚动*/,80, 92, 200, 25,hDlg, (HMENU)16, hInst, NULL);SetWindowText(hEditDept, wstrText[2]);hLabelPost = CreateWindow(TEXT("static"), TEXT("地址："),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_CENTERIMAGE /*垂直居中*/ | SS_RIGHT /*水平居右*/,0, 128, 70, 26,hDlg, (HMENU)17, hInst, NULL);//创建单行文本框控件hEditPost = CreateWindow(TEXT("edit"), TEXT(""),WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER /*边框*/ | ES_AUTOHSCROLL/*水平滚动*/,80, 128, 200, 25,hDlg, (HMENU)18, hInst, NULL);SetWindowTextW(hEditPost, wstrText[3]);//依次设置控件的字体SendMessage(hLabUsername, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hLabAge, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hEditUsername, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hEditAge, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hLabelPost, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hLabelDept, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hEditPost, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);SendMessage(hEditDept, WM_SETFONT, (WPARAM)hFont, 0);break;}case WM_COMMAND:{wmId = LOWORD(wParam);wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);switch (wmId){case IDOK:{GetWindowText(hEditUsername, szUsername, 20);GetWindowText(hEditAge, szAge, 20);GetWindowText(hEditDept, szEditDept, 20);GetWindowText(hEditPost, szEditPost, 20);StringCchLength(szUsername, 20, &iUsername);StringCchLength(szAge, 20, &iAge);// StringCchLength(szUsername, 100, &iUsername);//StringCchLength(EditPost, 100, &iAge);if (iUsername <= 0 || iAge <= 0){MessageBox(hDlg, TEXT("输入错误，请信息"), TEXT("信息提示"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);break;}else{wsprintf(szUserInfo, TEXT("姓名：%s\r\n年龄：%s\r\n部门： %s\r\n职务： %s"), szUsername, szAge, szEditDept, szEditPost);MessageBox(hDlg, szUserInfo, TEXT("信息提示"), MB_ICONINFORMATION);EndDialog(hDlg, wParam);return (INT_PTR)TRUE;}//break;}case IDCANCEL:{//            yprintf(TEXT("dialog cancel clicked"));//SetWindowText(hwndDlg, TEXT("dialog cancel clicked"));EndDialog(hDlg, wParam);return (INT_PTR)FALSE;}}break;}  /*  if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL){EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));return (INT_PTR)TRUE;}*/case WM_DESTROY:{EndDialog(hDlg, wParam);break;}   }return (INT_PTR)FALSE;  //返回非零值
}int AddItem(HWND hWnd, HWND hListview,LVITEM vitem,int i)
{if (DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_DIALOG1), hWnd, MyDlgProc) == 1)//dialog窗口内，点击ok 返回值是1，点击cancel返回值为2，这里判断如果点击OK，才对listview添加新的数据{int st = check_capacity(&contactlist);if (st == 1){printf("扩容成功\n");}else if (st == -1){printf("扩容失败\n");}vitem.mask = LVIF_TEXT;vitem.iItem = i;//第几行的数据vitem.iSubItem = 0;//第1列    ListView_InsertItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 1;//第2列lstrcpy(contactlist.data[i].name, szUsername);vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].name;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 2;//第2列lstrcpy(contactlist.data[i].age, szAge);vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].age;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 3;//第3列lstrcpy(contactlist.data[i].tel, szEditDept);vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].tel;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);vitem.iSubItem = 4;//第4列lstrcpy(contactlist.data[i].address, szEditPost);vitem.pszText = contactlist.data[i].address;ListView_SetItem(hListview, &vitem);      wsprintf(szUserInfo, TEXT("姓名：%s\r\n年龄：%s\r\n部门： %s\r\n职务： %s"), szUsername, szAge, szEditDept, szEditPost);i++;contactlist.size++;   save(&contactlist, hWnd,hListview, vitem);TCHAR buffer[20];wsprintf(buffer, TEXT("结构数组的大小 %d"), contactlist.size);MessageBox(hWnd, buffer, TEXT(""), MB_OK);} return i;
}