Spring JdbcTemplate基本使用

JdbcTemplate概述

它是spring框架中提供的一个对象，是对原始繁琐的Jdbc API对象的简单封装，spring框架为我们提供了很多的操作模板类，例如：操作关系型数据库JdbcTemplate和Hibernate Template，操作nosql数据库的RedistTemplate，操作消息队列的JmsTemplate等等

JdbcTemplate开发步骤

1、导入spring-jdbc和spring-tx坐标

 <dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.13</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><!--导入Spring集成junit的包--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version></dependency>

2、创建数据库表和实体
3、创建JdbcTemplate对象
4、执行数据库操作

  @Test//测试JdbcTemplate开发步骤public void test1() throws Exception {//创建数据源对象ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC");dataSource.setUser("root");dataSource.setPassword("root");JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate();//设置数据源对象，知道数据源在哪jdbcTemplate.setDataSource(dataSource);//执行操作int row = jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (?,?)", "bob", 5000);System.out.println(row);}

Sring产生JdbcTemplate对象

我们可以将JdbcTemplate的创建权交给Spring，将数据源DataSource的创建权也交给Spring，在Spring容器内部将数据源DataSource注入到jdbcTemplate模板对象中，配置如下：

<!--数据源对象--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC"></property><property name="user" value="root"></property><property name="password" value="root"></property></bean><!--jdbc模板对象--><bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property></bean>

从容器中获得JdbcTemplate进行添加操作

@Testpublic void testSpringJdbcTemplate(){ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean(JdbcTemplate.class);jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (?,?)","Aclice",5000);}

抽取Jdbc.properties文件

Jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username = root
jdbc.password = root

配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!--加载jdbc.properties--><context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder><!--数据源对象--><bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"><property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property><property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property><property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property><property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property></bean><!--jdbc模板对象--><bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"><property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property></bean>
</beans>

测试

 @Testpublic void testSpringJdbcTemplate(){ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = applicationContext.getBean(JdbcTemplate.class);jdbcTemplate.update("insert into account values (?,?)","Aclice",5000);}

JdbcTemplate常用操作

package com.zg.test;import com.zg.domain.Account;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import java.util.List;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class JdbcTemplateCRUDTest {@Autowiredprivate JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;@Testpublic void testQueryCount(){Long count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select count(*) from account", Long.class);System.out.println(count);}@Testpublic void testQueryOne(){Account account = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject("select * from account where name=?", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class), "tom");System.out.println(account);}@Testpublic void testQueryAll(){List<Account> accountList = jdbcTemplate.query("select * from account", new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Account>(Account.class));System.out.println(accountList);}@Testpublic void testUpdate(){jdbcTemplate.update("update account set money=? where name=?",10000,"bob");}@Testpublic void testDelete(){jdbcTemplate.update("delete from account where name=?","tom");}}