安装npm

sudo apt-get install npm

安装node

node不要安装最新版本，不然会报warning，确认8.10.0版本是没什么问题的

sudo npm install -g n
sudo n 8.10.0

安装commitizen

sudo npm install -g commitizen

安装conventional-changelog（非必须）

sudo npm install -g conventional-changelog

这个工具是用来自动生成CHANGELOG.md文件

使用的方法是在git工程目录下执行类似如下命令：

conventional-changelog -p angular -i CHANGELOG.md -s -r 0

配置适配器

网上很多的教程使用如下命令：

commitizen init cz-conventional-changelog --save-dev --save-exact

此命令是在git工程目录下执行的，会生成package.json文件，且只在此git工程有效，新的git工程要重新执行

推荐的做法是配置全局的
如果是当前用户有效

echo '{ "path": "cz-conventional-changelog" }' > ~/.czrc

或所有用户有效

echo '{ "path": "cz-conventional-changelog" }' > /.czrc

测试一下

tester@Server:~/Git_Proj$ git cz
cz-cli@4.0.4, cz-conventional-changelog@3.0.1? Select the type of change that you're committing: (Use arrow keys)
❯ feat:        A new featurefix:         A bug fiximprovement: An improvement to a current featuredocs:        Documentation only changesstyle:       Changes that do not affect the meaning of the code (white-space, formatting, missing semi-colons, etc)refactor:    A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a featureperf:        A code change that improves performance
(Move up and down to reveal more choices)

改进

虽然作为程序员这点英文还是可以看的懂的，但看中文还是要舒服点。而且有些交互方式不是很适合自己，所以对交互脚本进行了魔改。
主要改进了三点：

1. 汉化处理。
2. 原来的长文本编辑只能使用\n符号换行，排版不够直观，所以改成跳转到编辑器编写。
3. BREAKING CHANGE 的逻辑上感觉有点乱，调整了交互逻辑。

修改index.json 替换 /usr/local/lib/node_modules/commitizen/node_modules/conventional-commit-types/index.json

{"types": {"feat": {"description": "添加新功能","title": "Features"},"fix": {"description": "修复bug缺陷","title": "Bug Fixes"},"improvement": {"description": "修改现有功能","title": "Improvements"},"docs": {"description": "变更文档","title": "Documentation"},"style": {"description": "调整代码格式，未有功能代码修改（例如：空白字符宽度、对齐、添加分隔符、注释）","title": "Styles"},"refactor": {"description": "重构代码，未涉及新功能或缺陷修复","title": "Code Refactoring"},"perf": {"description": "优化性能","title": "Performance Improvements"},"test": {"description": "新增或修改测试代码","title": "Tests"},"build": {"description": "修改构建系统或外部依赖(例如：gulp, broccoli, npm)","title": "Builds"},"ci": {"description": "修改自动化构建脚本 (例如: Travis, Circle, BrowserStack, SauceLabs)","title": "Continuous Integrations"},"chore": {"description": "其它非代码或测试的变更","title": "Chores"},"revert": {"description": "恢复到上一次commit提交","title": "Reverts"}}
}

修改engine.js 替换 /usr/local/lib/node_modules/commitizen/node_modules/cz-conventional-changelog/engine.js

'format cjs';var wrap = require('word-wrap');
var map = require('lodash.map');
var longest = require('longest');
var rightPad = require('right-pad');
var chalk = require('chalk');var filter = function(array) {return array.filter(function(x) {return x;});
};var headerLength = function(answers) {return (answers.type.length + 2 + (answers.scope ? answers.scope.length + 2 : 0));
};var maxSummaryLength = function(options, answers) {return options.maxHeaderWidth - headerLength(answers);
};var filterSubject = function(subject) {subject = subject.trim();if (subject.charAt(0).toLowerCase() !== subject.charAt(0)) {subject =subject.charAt(0).toLowerCase() + subject.slice(1, subject.length);}while (subject.endsWith('.')) {subject = subject.slice(0, subject.length - 1);}return subject;
};// This can be any kind of SystemJS compatible module.
// We use Commonjs here, but ES6 or AMD would do just
// fine.
module.exports = function(options) {var types = options.types;var length = longest(Object.keys(types)).length + 1;var choices = map(types, function(type, key) {return {name: rightPad(key + ':', length) + ' ' + type.description,value: key};});return {// When a user runs `git cz`, prompter will// be executed. We pass you cz, which currently// is just an instance of inquirer.js. Using// this you can ask questions and get answers.//// The commit callback should be executed when// you're ready to send back a commit template// to git.//// By default, we'll de-indent your commit// template and will keep empty lines.prompter: function(cz, commit) {// Let's ask some questions of the user// so that we can populate our commit// template.//// See inquirer.js docs for specifics.// You can also opt to use another input// collection library if you prefer.cz.prompt([{type: 'list',name: 'type',message: "请选择commit类型:",choices: choices,default: options.defaultType},{type: 'input',name: 'scope',message:'此修改的影响范围[选填](Enter键跳过):',default: options.defaultScope,filter: function(value) {return value.trim().toLowerCase();}},{type: 'input',name: 'subject',message: function(answers) {return ('请简要描述修改内容[必填](不超过' +maxSummaryLength(options, answers) +'个字符):\n');},default: options.defaultSubject,validate: function(subject, answers) {var filteredSubject = filterSubject(subject);return filteredSubject.length == 0? '必须填写描述': filteredSubject.length <= maxSummaryLength(options, answers)? true: '描述需小于或等于 ' +maxSummaryLength(options, answers) +' 个字符. 当前输入了 ' +filteredSubject.length +' 个字符.';},transformer: function(subject, answers) {var filteredSubject = filterSubject(subject);var color =filteredSubject.length <= maxSummaryLength(options, answers)? chalk.green: chalk.red;return color('(' + filteredSubject.length + ') ' + subject);},filter: function(subject) {return filterSubject(subject);}},{type: 'confirm',name: 'isBoding',message:'是否需要详细描述修改内容?\n',default: false},{type: 'editor',name: 'body',message:'请详细描述修改内容:\n',when: function(answers) {return answers.isBoding;},default: options.defaultBody},{type: 'confirm',name: 'isBreaking',message: '此修改不兼容旧版本?',default: false},{type: 'editor',name: 'breaking',message: '请详细描述不兼容的内容:\n',when: function(answers) {return answers.isBreaking;}},{type: 'input',name: 'issues',message: '请填写对应的问题或需求编号[选填] (例如："fix #123".):\n',default: options.defaultIssues ? options.defaultIssues : undefined}]).then(function(answers) {var wrapOptions = {trim: true,cut: false,newline: '\n',indent: '',width: options.maxLineWidth};// parentheses are only needed when a scope is presentvar scope = answers.scope ? '(' + answers.scope + ')' : '';// Hard limit this line in the validatevar head = answers.type + scope + ': ' + answers.subject;// Wrap these lines at options.maxLineWidth charactersvar body = answers.body ? wrap(answers.body, wrapOptions) : false;// Apply breaking change prefix, removing it if already presentvar breaking = answers.breaking ? answers.breaking.trim() : '';breaking = breaking? 'BREAKING CHANGE: \n' + breaking.replace(/^BREAKING CHANGE: /, ''): '';breaking = breaking ? wrap(breaking, wrapOptions) : false;var issues = answers.issues ? wrap(answers.issues, wrapOptions) : false;commit(filter([head, body, breaking, issues]).join('\n\n'));});}};
};

再测试下

tester@Server:~/Git_Proj$ git cz
cz-cli@4.0.4, cz-conventional-changelog@3.0.1? 请选择commit类型: (Use arrow keys)
❯ feat:        添加新功能fix:         修复bug缺陷improvement: 修改现有功能docs:        变更文档style:       调整代码格式，未有功能代码修改（例如：空白字符宽度、对齐、添加分隔符、注释）refactor:    重构代码，未涉及新功能或缺陷修复perf:        优化性能
(Move up and down to reveal more choices)