飞机大战游戏介绍

基于github上Python实现的一款飞机射击游戏PythonShootGmae
原始版本比较简单，只有一种敌机。但是其中资源文件夹包含有三种敌机的图片和声效，所以基于已有资源进行了功能增强。

增强版本在这个基础上增加了下面功能

• 支持三种类型的敌机
• 支持敌机发射子弹
• 添加飞机的武器类型（炸弹，同时发射多行子弹）
• 敌机可以从左边，上方和右边三个方向出现
• 支持飞机有多条生命
• 添加道具获取（可以获取炸弹，和增强子弹）

代码介绍

代码实现有4个文件

• shooter.py: 进行游戏的初始化和游戏主函数的循环
• gameRole.py: 包含有游戏中敌机，子弹，道具和英雄（我方飞机）的类，和管理 这些类的辅助类定义
• resource.py: 负责图片和声音的初始化
• config.py: 可以设置游戏的难度参数

gameRole.py

这里定义的敌机，子弹，道具和英雄类都继承了pygame 的精灵类(pygame.sprite.Sprite)，因为要用到精灵类支持的碰撞检测，在有多个敌人，多个子弹的情况下，使用精灵类，可以简化代码的复杂度。

这里举例说明下 Enemy类 和它的辅助类 EnemyGroup 类 的关系。
按照pygame.sprite.Sprite的说明文档，子类需要实现update函数，和给Sprite的类成员变量image，rect 赋值。
The base class for visible game objects. Derived classes will want to override the Sprite.update() and assign a Sprite.image and Sprite.rect attributes.

Enemy 类
初始化函数设置了 pygame 精灵类在绘图时需要的类成员变量 image，rect ，飞行的方向，和武器。
update函数中会更新敌机的位置，如果拥有武器的话，还会定期发射子弹。

class Enemy(pygame.sprite.Sprite):def __init__(self, enemy_surface, enemy_init_pos, direction, weapon_group):pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)self.image = enemy_surfaceself.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.topleft = enemy_init_posself.direction = directionself.down_index = 0self.damage = 0self.is_down = 0self.is_hit = 0self.ticks = 0self.weapon_group = weapon_groupdef update(self, enemy_surface, hit_surface=0):def shootWeapon(weapon_group, position, direction):weapon_group.shootWeapon(position, direction)#direction[0]:x , direction[1]:yshould_kill = Falseself.rect.x += self.direction[0]self.rect.y += self.direction[1]if self.rect.x > SCREEN_WIDTH or self.rect.x < -self.image.get_width():should_kill = Trueif self.rect.y > SCREEN_HEIGHT or self.rect.y < -self.image.get_height():should_kill = Trueif should_kill:self.kill()else:if self.ticks >= ENEMY_SHOOT_CYCLE:self.ticks = 0if self.is_hit:self.is_hit -= 1self.image = hit_surfaceelif len(enemy_surface) >= 2:self.image = enemy_surface[self.ticks//(ENEMY_SHOOT_CYCLE//2)]else:self.image = enemy_surface[0]self.ticks += 1if self.weapon_group is not None:if self.ticks % ENEMY_SHOOT_CYCLE == 0:shootWeapon(self.weapon_group, [self.rect.centerx, self.rect.y + self.image.get_height()], [0, ENEMY_SHOOT_SPEED])

EnemyGroup类
目前支持三种类型的敌机，在初始化函数会设置敌机的类型enemy_type，创建一个精灵组 group，用来保存和管理所有生成的该类型敌机，设置敌机拥有的武器。
createEnemy函数会随机创建一个从某个方向（左边，上方，左边）出现的敌机，并添加到group中。
checkBulletCollide函数会检测是否有英雄发射的子弹和这个类型的敌机相撞，每次相撞会造成一定的伤害，当敌机的生命小于累计的伤害时，就判定被消灭。
checkBulletCollide函数会检测英雄是否和这个类型的敌机，或敌机发射的子弹相撞。

class EnemyGroup():def __init__(self, surface, hit_surface, down_surface, down_sound, score, health, speed, enemy_type, weapon_group):self.surface = surfaceself.hit_surface = hit_surfaceself.down_surface = down_surfaceself.group = pygame.sprite.Group()self.down_group = pygame.sprite.Group()self.down_sound = down_soundself.score = scoreself.health = healthself.speed = speedself.enemy_type = enemy_typeself.weapon_group = weapon_groupdef createEnemy(self):def getDirection(surface, speed, enemy_type):if enemy_type == EnemyType.EnemyType3:enemy_init_pos = [randint(0, SCREEN_WIDTH - surface.get_width()), -surface.get_height()]direction = [0, speed]else:# enemy can appear from top side, left side,  and right sideappearSide = randint(0, 2)if appearSide == 0: # from top sideenemy_init_pos = [randint(0, SCREEN_WIDTH - surface.get_width()), -surface.get_height()]direction = [0, speed]elif appearSide == 1: # from left sideenemy_init_pos = [-surface.get_width(), randint(0, (ENEMY_APPEAR_HEIGHT - surface.get_height()))]direction = [randint(1, speed), randint(1, speed)]elif appearSide == 2: # from right sideenemy_init_pos = [SCREEN_WIDTH, randint(0, (ENEMY_APPEAR_HEIGHT - surface.get_height()))]direction = [randint(-speed, -1), randint(1, speed)]return (enemy_init_pos, direction)(enemy_init_pos, direction)	= getDirection(self.surface[0], self.speed, self.enemy_type)enemy = Enemy(self.surface[0], enemy_init_pos, direction, self.weapon_group)self.group.add(enemy)def update(self):self.group.update(self.surface, self.hit_surface)if self.weapon_group is not None:self.weapon_group.update()def draw(self, screen):self.group.draw(screen)if self.weapon_group is not None:self.weapon_group.draw(screen)def checkBulletCollide(self, bullets, screen, ticks):score = 0self.down_group.add(pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.group, bullets.group, False, True))for enemy_down in self.down_group:if enemy_down.is_down:screen.blit(self.down_surface[enemy_down.down_index], enemy_down.rect)if ticks % (ANIMATE_CYCLE//2) == 0:if enemy_down.down_index < (len(self.down_surface)-1):if enemy_down.down_index == 0:self.down_sound.play()enemy_down.down_index += 1else:self.down_group.remove(enemy_down)score += self.scoreelse:enemy_down.damage += bullets.damageenemy_down.is_hit = ANIMATE_CYCLE//3if enemy_down.damage >= self.health:enemy_down.is_down = 1self.group.remove(enemy_down)else:self.down_group.remove(enemy_down)return scoredef checkHeroCollide(self, hero):enemy_down_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(hero, self.group, False)collide = Falseif len(enemy_down_list) > 0:for enemy_down in enemy_down_list:if pygame.sprite.collide_circle_ratio(0.7)(enemy_down, hero):self.group.remove(enemy_down)self.down_group.add(enemy_down)enemy_down.is_down = 1collide = Trueif not collide and self.weapon_group is not None:bullet_hit_list = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(hero, self.weapon_group.group, False)if len(bullet_hit_list) > 0:for bullet_hit in bullet_hit_list:if pygame.sprite.collide_circle_ratio(0.7)(bullet_hit, hero):self.weapon_group.group.remove(bullet_hit)collide = Truereturn collide

shooter.py

定义了一个Game类，其中的paly() 是游戏主循环的处理函数，负责更新背景图片，每隔一段时间生成敌机和道具，检测子弹和飞机是否相撞，检测英雄和敌机是否相撞。并调用敌机，英雄各自的类来刷新绘图。

class Game():def __init__(self, caption, hero, screen_info):self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT])pygame.display.set_caption(caption)self.hero = heroself.clock = pygame.time.Clock()self.screen_info = screen_infoself.ticks = 0self.pause = Falseself.backgound_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT - background.get_height() # height of background image must be larger than SCREEN_HEIGHTdef play(self, enemy_groups, gift_groups):def updateBackground(screen, image_height, current_y):if current_y <= 0:screen.blit(background, (0, 0), (0, -current_y, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))elif current_y < SCREEN_HEIGHT:screen.blit(background, (0, 0), (0, image_height - current_y, SCREEN_WIDTH, current_y))screen.blit(background, (0, current_y), (0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT - current_y))def checkBulletCollide(enemy_group, bullets_group, screen, ticks):score = 0for group in enemy_group:for bullet_group in bullets_group:score += group.checkBulletCollide(bullet_group, screen, ticks) return scoredef checkHeroCollide(hero, enemy_group):collide = Falsefor group in enemy_group:if group.checkHeroCollide(hero):collide = Truebreak;return collideself.clock.tick(FRAME_RATE)if self.backgound_y == SCREEN_HEIGHT:self.backgound_y = SCREEN_HEIGHT - background.get_height()updateBackground(self.screen, background.get_height(), self.backgound_y)	self.backgound_y += 1if self.ticks >= FRAME_RATE:self.ticks = 0self.hero.play()self.createEnemy(enemy_groups, self.ticks, self.screen_info.getScore())self.createGift(gift_groups, self.ticks, self.screen_info)self.screen_info.addScore(checkBulletCollide(enemy_groups, self.hero.weapon_groups, self.screen, self.ticks))if checkHeroCollide(self.hero, enemy_groups):if self.hero.isHeroCrash():game_over_sound.play()for gift_group in gift_groups:gift_group.checkHeroCollide(self.hero)for weapon_group in self.hero.weapon_groups:weapon_group.draw(self.screen)for enemy_group in enemy_groups:enemy_group.update()enemy_group.draw(self.screen)for gift_group in gift_groups:gift_group.update()gift_group.draw(self.screen)self.screen.blit(self.hero.image, self.hero.rect)self.ticks += 1self.screen_info.displayInfo(self.screen, 0, self.hero.bomb_num, self.hero.life)

游戏的主循环如下

• 判断游戏状态
  • 如果游戏结束，显示结束画面
  • 如果游戏暂停，不做操作
  • 如果游戏没有暂停，进行处理
• 获取pygame事件，读取键盘输入并处理
• 如果有方向键输入，则移动英雄

while True:if myGame.isGameOver():myGame.showGameOver()elif not myGame.isPause():myGame.play(enemy_groups, gift_groups)pygame.display.update()for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type == pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()exit()# get keyboard inputif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:if event.key in offset:offset[event.key] = 3elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:myGame.hero.useBomb()# press z to pause or resume gameelif event.key == pygame.K_z:myGame.setPause()elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:if event.key in offset:offset[event.key] = 0if not myGame.hero.is_hit:myGame.hero.move(offset)

游戏效果

游戏执行的截图如下：

完整代码

完整实现代码的github链接 飞机大战增强版本
这边是csdn的下载链接 飞机大战增强版本
编译环境
python3.7 + pygame1.9