公司最近需要使用Quartz集群来实现任务的动态创建和删除，之前自己只是用过配置好的单机版的，而且是定时

执行的任务，正好借这个机会深入学习一下Quartz。

     在正式开始之前，我们先来了解下，spring3.1以下的版本必须使用quartz1.x系列，3.1以上的版本才支持quartz 2.x，不然会出错。至于原因，则是spring对于quartz的支持实现，org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerBean继承了org.quartz.CronTrigger，在quartz1.x系列中org.quartz.CronTrigger是个类，而在quartz2.x系列中org.quartz.CronTrigger变成了接口，从而造成无法用spring的方式配置quartz的触发器（trigger）。公司现运行项目用的spring版本是4.2.2.RELEASE，所有我选取的quartz版本是2.2.1。

     最终实现的功能：

     1）项目启动时，可动态添加、删除、修改和执行定时任务；

     2）因为是集群，一个实例运行挂了，保存在数据库的定时任务可以继续执行；而且定时任务只能被其中一个实例执行。

    一、引入Maven坐标

		<!-- quartz任务调度 --><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz</artifactId><version>2.2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId><artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId><version>2.2.1</version></dependency>

     二、创建数据库表

     在Quartz包下docs/dbTables，选择对应的数据库脚本，创建相应的数据库表即可，我用的是mysql5.6，这里有一个需要注意的地方，mysql5.5之前用的表存储引擎是MyISAM，使用的是表级锁，锁发生冲突的概率比较高，并发度低；5.6之后默认的存储引擎为InnoDB,InnoDB采用的锁机制是行级锁，并发度也较高。而quartz集群使用数据库锁的

机制来来实现同一个任务在同一个时刻只被实例执行，所以为了防止冲突，我们建表的时候要选取InnoDB作为表的存

储引擎。如下：

      

     三、配置quartz.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd  http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/task    http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task-4.1.xsd"><!-- quartz持久化存储 --><bean name="quartzScheduler"class="org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean"><property name="dataSource"><ref bean="dataSource" /></property><property name="applicationContextSchedulerContextKey" value="applicationContext" /><!--也可以在quartz.properties中配置--><property name="quartzProperties"><props><prop key="org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName">CRMscheduler</prop><prop key="org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId">AUTO</prop><!-- 线程池配置 --><prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.class">org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool</prop><prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount">20</prop><prop key="org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority">5</prop><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.misfireThreshold">120000</prop><!-- JobStore 配置 --><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.class">org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX</prop><!-- 集群配置 --><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered">true</prop><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.clusterCheckinInterval">15000</prop><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.maxMisfiresToHandleAtATime">1</prop><!-- 数据表设置 --><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix">qrtz_</prop><prop key="org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource">qzDS</prop></props></property><!--可选，QuartzScheduler启动时更新己存在的Job，这样就不用每次修改targetObject后删除qrtz_job_details表对应记录了 --><property name="overwriteExistingJobs" value="true" /><!--设置自动启动 --><property name="autoStartup" value="true" /></bean></beans>

     引入spring配置文件：

<import resource="quartz.xml"/>

     配置文件中SchedulerFactoryBean中的dataSource用指定spring中之前配置好的就可以。

     四、实现Job接口

     我们在动态添加任务的时候需要用到这个类。

public class AllPushNotifyJob implements Job {private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AllPushNotifyJob.class);private AllPushMessageService allPushMessageService;public AllPushNotifyJob() {allPushMessageService = (AllPushMessageService) SpringContext.getBeanByName("allPushMessageService");}@Overridepublic void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {JobDataMap dataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();AllPushMessage  allPushMessage = (AllPushMessage) dataMap.get("allPushMessage");Date expectTriggerTime = allPushMessage.getPush_time();Date realTriggerTime = new Date();logger.info("execute category notify job with expect trigger time:" + DateUtils.format(expectTriggerTime, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss Z"));logger.info("real notify time:" + DateUtils.format(realTriggerTime, "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss Z"));allPushMessageService.enforceAllPush(allPushMessage);}
}

     五、JobScheduler管理任务

@Service
public class AllPushJobScheduler {private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(AllPushJobScheduler.class);public void start() {logger.info("start category update notify scheduler");schedulerFactoryBean.start();}@Autowiredprivate SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactoryBean;/*** 添加任务* @param allPushMessage*/public void scheduleNotifyJob(AllPushMessage allPushMessage) {if (allPushMessage.getPush_time().compareTo(new Date()) < 0) {allPushMessage.setPush_time(DateUtils.addSeconds(new Date(), 10));}Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();JobKey jobKey = getJobKey(allPushMessage);try {if (scheduler.checkExists(jobKey)) {logger.info("all push job existed!:" + jobKey.getName());return;}} catch (SchedulerException e) {logger.error("get exception:" + e.getMessage(), e);}logger.info("schedule all push job at:"+allPushMessage.getPush_time() +" with job name pushID" + jobKey.getName());JobDataMap jobData = new JobDataMap();jobData.put("allPushMessage", allPushMessage);JobDetail notifyJob = JobBuilder.newJob(AllPushNotifyJob.class).setJobData(jobData).withIdentity(jobKey).build();SimpleTriggerFactoryBean trigger = new SimpleTriggerFactoryBean();trigger.setName("trigger-" + jobKey.getName());trigger.setJobDetail(notifyJob);trigger.setStartTime(allPushMessage.getPush_time());trigger.setRepeatCount(0);trigger.afterPropertiesSet();try {schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler().scheduleJob(notifyJob,trigger.getObject());} catch (SchedulerException e) {logger.error("get exception when executing quartz job" + e);}}/*** 删除任务* @param allPushMessage* @throws Exception*/public void deleteJob(AllPushMessage allPushMessage)throws Exception{try{//删除定时任务时   先暂停任务，然后再删除JobKey jobKey = getJobKey(allPushMessage);Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);scheduler.deleteJob(jobKey);}catch(Exception e){System.out.println("删除定时任务失败"+e);throw new Exception("删除定时任务失败");}}/*** 获取jobKey* @param allPushMessage* @return*/public JobKey getJobKey(AllPushMessage allPushMessage) {return JobKey.jobKey(String.valueOf(allPushMessage.getPush_id()));}/*** 更新定时任务* @param* @param* @throws Exception*/public void updateJob(AllPushMessage allPushMessage)throws Exception{try {TriggerKey triggerKey =getTriggerKey(String.valueOf(allPushMessage.getPush_id()));Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(triggerKey);// 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建triggertrigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(triggerKey).build();// 按新的trigger重新设置job执行scheduler.rescheduleJob(triggerKey, trigger);} catch (SchedulerException e) {System.out.println("更新定时任务失败"+e);throw new Exception("更新定时任务失败");}}/*** 获取触发器key** @param* @param* @return*/public static TriggerKey getTriggerKey(String jobkey) {return TriggerKey.triggerKey(jobkey);}/*** 暂停定时任务* @param allPushMessage* @throws Exception*/public void pauseJob(AllPushMessage allPushMessage) throws Exception {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(String.valueOf(allPushMessage.getPush_id()));try {Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();scheduler.pauseJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {System.out.println("暂停定时任务失败"+e);throw new Exception("暂停定时任务失败");}}/*** 恢复任务* @param* @param* @param* @throws Exception*/public void resumeJob(AllPushMessage allPushMessage) throws Exception {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(String.valueOf(allPushMessage.getPush_id()));try {Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();scheduler.resumeJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {System.out.println("恢复定时任务失败"+e);throw new Exception("恢复定时任务失败");}}/*** 运行一次任务* @param allPushMessage* @throws Exception*/public void runOnce(AllPushMessage allPushMessage) throws Exception {JobKey jobKey = JobKey.jobKey(String.valueOf(allPushMessage.getPush_id()));try {Scheduler scheduler = schedulerFactoryBean.getScheduler();scheduler.triggerJob(jobKey);} catch (SchedulerException e) {System.out.println("运行任务失败"+e);throw new Exception("运行一次定时任务失败");}}}

     最后，在需要你的代码中调用添加、删除、修改任务的方法就可以了，喵