Ruby on Rails Tutorial 教程中--第三章的第一个测试 最后运行 $ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb时会因为版本的问题导致一些列的出错与教程中的结果会有不符debug比较繁琐。在这里总结一下我碰到的问题及其解决方案：
系统：ubuntu 13.04
ruby版本：ruby 2.0.0p481 (2014-05-08 revision 45883) [i686-linux]
Rails版本：Rails 4.1.4

第一种情况：没在正确目录下运行，报错如下：
czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample/spec$ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load': cannot load such file -- /home/czl/ror/sample/spec/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb (LoadError)
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `block in load_spec_files'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `each'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load_spec_files'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'
注意蓝色字体那是错误目录;cd 到spec/的父目录运行就会成功;红字为错误名称


第二章情况： 配置文件出错
czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample$ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load': /home/czl/ror/sample/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:29: syntax error,unexpected keyword_end, expecting end-of-input(SyntaxError)
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `block in load_spec_files'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `each'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load_spec_files'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
from /home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'
请用vi 打开static_pages_spec.rb 在其29行出错，改了就行;

第三种情况：版本问题

czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample$ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb
Warning: you should require 'minitest/autorun' instead.
Warning: or add 'gem "minitest"' before 'require "minitest/autorun"'
From:
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.0.0-p481/lib/ruby/2.0.0/test/unit/assertions.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-rails-2.13.1/lib/rspec/rails/adapters.rb:3:in `<top (required)>'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-rails-2.13.1/lib/rspec/rails.rb:11:in `<top (required)>'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `block in require'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:232:in `load_dependency'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:247:in `require'
/home/czl/ror/sample/spec/spec_helper.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
/home/czl/ror/sample/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:1:in `require'
/home/czl/ror/sample/spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `block in load_spec_files'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `each'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/configuration.rb:819:in `load_spec_files'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/command_line.rb:22:in `run'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:80:in `run'
/home/czl/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p481/gems/rspec-core-2.13.1/lib/rspec/core/runner.rb:17:in `block in autorun'
...

Finished in 0.17213 seconds
3 examples, 0 failures

Randomized with seed 1561

其实已经能正常运行，错误的原因在于 Rails4.1.4版本问题属于bug，解决方案：

czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample$ vi Gemfile
source 'https://rubygems.org'


# Bundle edge Rails instead: gem 'rails', github: 'rails/rails'
gem 'rails', '4.1.4'
gem 'minitest'
# Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
group :development, :test do
gem 'sqlite3', '1.3.8'
gem 'rspec-rails', '2.13.1'
end
group :test do
gem 'selenium-webdriver', '2.35.1'
gem 'capybara', '2.1.0'
end

在此处添加蓝色字体，保存后运行bundle install即可
czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample$ bundle install
。。。此处省略
最后
czl@czl-computer-E425:~/ror/sample$ bundle exec rspec spec/requests/static_pages_spec.rb
...

Finished in 0.17338 seconds
3 examples, 0 failures

Randomized with seed 46919
没有报错，成功。

如有其他问题可能是Rails配置问题，请添加相应的包处理，如：postgresql（即pg的问题），可以更新一下试试，然后$rails new  'project name'重新开始。其他请翻墙google