网络拓扑

要求：

企业前期是一台防火墙，为了提高网络可靠性，并且在不影响原先防火墙配置情况下，新增一台防火墙做双机热备。两台FW的业务接口都工作在三层，下行为三层核心交换机。上行为二层交换机连接运营商的接入点，运营商为企业分配的IP地址为100.1.1.1-100.1.1.6

配置思路：

两台防火墙型号必须要求一样，配置镜像模式前需要先完成双机热备的网络连接和基本配置，但是不需要配置业务接口和路由等。

1. 在两台FW上分别完成双机热备基本配置，包括VGMP组监控业务接口（hrp track interface）、心跳口配置和启用双机热备功能。
2. 在两台FW上启用镜像模式，并进行手工批量备份。
3. 在其中一台FW完成网络配置，保证内网用户能够访问Internet。
4. 镜像模式形成后，所有配置（包括接口和路由等配置）都只需在一台FW上配置即可，配置会自动备份到另外一台FW。

一、双机热备前配置

1、PC和server配置

2、接入层交换机SW3配置

<Huawei>system-view	
[Huawei]sysname SW5
[SW5]vlan batch 10 20[SW5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/4
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port link-type access	
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]port default vlan 10
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]quit[SW5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/5
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port link-type access
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]port default  vlan  20
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/5]quit[SW5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/2
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk	
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk  allow-pass  vlan  all
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit[SW5]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/3
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk  allow-pass vlan  all
[SW5-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

3、核心交换机配置

SW3

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname SW3
[SW3]vlan batch 10 20 30[SW3]interface  Vlanif 10
[SW3-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.252 24
[SW3-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[SW3-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 priority 101
[SW3-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif10]quit[SW3]interface  Vlanif  20
[SW3-Vlanif20]ip address  192.168.20.252 24
[SW3-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254	
[SW3-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 priority 101
[SW3-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif20]quit[SW3]interface  Vlanif  30
[SW3-Vlanif30]ip address  192.168.30.252 24
[SW3-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid  30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.254	
[SW3-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 priority 101
[SW3-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 track interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 reduced 10
[SW3-Vlanif30]quit[SW3]interface  Eth-Trunk 1
[SW3-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/7
[SW3-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/8
[SW3-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk	
[SW3-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW3-Eth-Trunk1]quit[SW3]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/2
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type trunk
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port trunk  allow-pass  vlan  all 
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit[SW3]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 30
[SW3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit[SW3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.12

SW4

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname SW4
[SW4]vlan batch 10 20 30[SW4]interface  Vlanif 10
[SW4-Vlanif10]ip address 192.168.10.253 24
[SW4-Vlanif10]vrrp vrid 10 virtual-ip 192.168.10.254
[SW4-Vlanif10]quit[SW4]interface  Vlanif  20
[SW4-Vlanif20]ip address  192.168.20.253 24
[SW4-Vlanif20]vrrp vrid 20 virtual-ip 192.168.20.254
[SW4-Vlanif20]quit[SW4]interface  Vlanif  30
[SW4-Vlanif30]ip address  192.168.30.253 24
[SW4-Vlanif30]vrrp vrid 30 virtual-ip 192.168.30.254
[SW4-Vlanif30]quit[SW4]interface  Eth-Trunk 1
[SW4-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/7
[SW4-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport GigabitEthernet 0/0/8
[SW4-Eth-Trunk1]port link-type trunk	
[SW4-Eth-Trunk1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all
[SW4-Eth-Trunk1]quit[SW4]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/3
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type trunk
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port trunk  allow-pass  vlan  all 
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit[SW4]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 30
[SW4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit[SW4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.30.12

4、防火墙FW1配置

<USG6000V1>system-view	
[USG6000V1]sysname FW1[FW1]interface GigabitEthernet  1/0/1
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]ip address  192.168.30.12 24
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]service-manage ping permit
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/1]quit[FW1]interface GigabitEthernet  1/0/0
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]ip address  100.1.1.1 29
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]service-manage ping permit 
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/0]quit安全区域
[FW1]firewall zone  trust
[FW1-zone-trust]add  interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/1
[FW1-zone-trust]quit
[FW1]firewall zone  untrust
[FW1-zone-untrust]add  interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/0	
[FW1-zone-untrust]quitNAT地址池
[FW1]nat address-group nat_group	
[FW1-address-group-nat_group]section 0 100.1.1.3	
[FW1-address-group-nat_group]quitNAT转发
[FW1]nat-policy
[FW1-policy-nat]rule name nat_policy1	
[FW1-policy-nat-rule-nat_policy1]source-zone  trust
[FW1-policy-nat-rule-nat_policy1]destination-zone  untrust
[FW1-policy-nat-rule-nat_policy1]source-address 192.168.10.0 24
[FW1-policy-nat-rule-nat_policy1]action source-nat  address-group nat_group
[FW1-policy-nat-rule-nat_policy1]return域间安全策略
[FW1]security-policy
[FW1-policy-security]rule name trust_untrust1	
[FW1-policy-security-rule-trust_untrust1]source-zone trust
[FW1-policy-security-rule-trust_untrust1]destination-zone untrust
[FW1-policy-security-rule-trust_untrust1]source-address 192.168.10.0 24
[FW1-policy-security-rule-trust_untrust1]action permit
[FW1-policy-security-rule-trust_untrust1]quit
[FW1-policy-security]quit[FW1]ip route-static 192.168.10.0 24 192.168.30.254
[FW1]ip route-static 192.168.20.0 24 192.168.30.254
[FW1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.1.6

5、上行交换机SW6

<Huawei>system-view 
[Huawei]sysname SW6[SW6]vlan  100	
[SW6-vlan100]quit[SW6]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1	
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default  vlan  100[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit [SW6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2	
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port link-type access	
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]port default  vlan  100	
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit [SW6]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/3
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port link-type access	
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]port default  vlan  100
[SW6-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]quit

6、运营商ISP

<Huawei>system-view
[Huawei]sysname ISP[ISP]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/1
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address  100.1.1.6 29	
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit[ISP]interface  LoopBack 0
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address  1.1.1.1 32
[ISP-LoopBack0]quit[ISP]interface  GigabitEthernet  0/0/0
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address  10.1.1.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit[ISP]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.1.1

7、查看内网用户ping外网

二、双机热备配置

全程可以使pc长pingISP的1.1.1.1，发现不会丢包

1、FW1配置HRP，然后配置镜像模式

FW1配置心跳线接口，并加入对应安全区域
[FW1]interface GigabitEthernet  1/0/2
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]ip address  172.16.1.1 30	
[FW1-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]quit[FW1]firewall zone  dmz
[FW1-zone-dmz]add  interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/2
[FW1-zone-dmz]quit域间安全策略
[FW1]security-policy	
[FW1-policy-security]rule name ha_local_dmz	
[FW1-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]source-zone  local dmz	
[FW1-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]destination-zone  local dmz	
[FW1-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]action permit
[FW1-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]quit	
[FW1-policy-security]quit在FW1配置VGMP组监控上下行业务接口，默认为主设备
[FW1]hrp  track interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/0
[FW1]hrp  track interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/1指定心跳口和对端IP地址，并启用双机热备功能
[FW1]hrp interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/2 remote 172.16.1.2	
[FW1]hrp  enable

2、FW2配置HRP

FW2配置心跳线接口，并加入对应安全区域
<USG6000V1>system-view
[USG6000V1]sysname FW2[FW2]interface GigabitEthernet  1/0/2
[FW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]ip address  172.16.1.2 30	
[FW2-GigabitEthernet1/0/2]quit[FW2]firewall zone  dmz
[FW2-zone-dmz]add interface GigabitEthernet  1/0/2
[FW2-zone-dmz]quit域间安全策略
[FW2]security-policy	
[FW2-policy-security]rule name ha_local_dmz
[FW2-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]source-zone  local dmz	
[FW2-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]destination-zone local dmz	
[FW2-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]action permit
[FW2-policy-security-rule-ha_local_dmz]quit在FW2配置VGMP组监控上下行业务接口，并配置本设备为备用设备
[FW2]hrp  track  interface  GigabitEthernet 1/0/0
[FW2]hrp  track  interface  GigabitEthernet 1/0/1
[FW2]hrp  standby-device 指定心跳口和对端IP地址，并启用双机热备功能
[FW2]hrp  interface  GigabitEthernet  1/0/2 remote 172.16.1.1
[FW2]hrp  enable

3、查看同步状态

4、在FW1上配置镜像模式（重点）。双机关系建立之后，该配置会自动备份到FW2

HRP_M[FW1]hrp  mirror  config enable

5、在FW1先手动同步一下配置文件

6、在FW2查看到FW1开启热备之前的配置已经被同步过来

HRP_S[FW2]display  current-configuration  
2020-05-28 02:27:57.980 
!Software Version V500R005C10SPC300
#
sysname FW2
#l2tp domain suffix-separator @
#ipsec sha2 compatible enable
#
undo telnet server enable
undo telnet ipv6 server enable
#hrp enablehrp mirror config enablehrp interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2 remote 172.16.1.1hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0hrp track interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
#update schedule location-sdb weekly Sun 03:14
#firewall defend action discard
#banner enable
#user-manage web-authentication security port 8887undo privacy-statement englishundo privacy-statement chinese
page-settinguser-manage security version tlsv1.1 tlsv1.2
password-policylevel high
user-manage single-sign-on ad
user-manage single-sign-on tsm
user-manage single-sign-on radius
user-manage auto-sync online-user
#web-manager security version tlsv1.1 tlsv1.2web-manager enableweb-manager security enable
#
firewall dataplane to manageplane application-apperceive default-action drop
#undo ips log merge enable
#decoding uri-cache disable
#update schedule ips-sdb daily 06:38update schedule av-sdb daily 06:38update schedule sa-sdb daily 06:38update schedule cnc daily 06:38update schedule file-reputation daily 06:38
#
ip vpn-instance defaultipv4-family
#time-range worktimeperiod-range 08:00:00 to 18:00:00 working-day
#
ike proposal defaultencryption-algorithm aes-256 aes-192 aes-128dh group14authentication-algorithm sha2-512 sha2-384 sha2-256authentication-method pre-shareintegrity-algorithm hmac-sha2-256prf hmac-sha2-256
#
aaaauthentication-scheme defaultauthentication-scheme admin_localauthentication-scheme admin_radius_localauthentication-scheme admin_hwtacacs_localauthentication-scheme admin_ad_localauthentication-scheme admin_ldap_localauthentication-scheme admin_radiusauthentication-scheme admin_hwtacacsauthentication-scheme admin_adauthorization-scheme defaultaccounting-scheme defaultdomain defaultservice-type internetaccess ssl-vpn l2tp ikeinternet-access mode passwordreference user current-domainmanager-user audit-adminpassword cipher @%@%PufuDg5YR*D@[x~Nqi|~n=5DHjpMOk,OqAV)gT$TQJP5=5Gn@%@%service-type web terminallevel 15manager-user api-adminpassword cipher @%@%`f5K#iULL!(vQ6M@lpCB'H,@{QzA=M{5O*as_2+Uk}J7H,C'@%@%level 15manager-user adminpassword cipher @%@%ZFDu3)yV"LfTPj'O3+7437VT3h:D@nUDCO]h[qWQRb1Q7VW3@%@%service-type web terminallevel 15role system-adminrole device-adminrole device-admin(monitor)role audit-adminbind manager-user audit-admin role audit-adminbind manager-user admin role system-admin
#
l2tp-group default-lns
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0undo shutdownip binding vpn-instance defaultip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0alias GE0/METH
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0undo shutdownip address 100.1.1.1 255.255.255.248service-manage ping permit
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1undo shutdownip address 192.168.30.12 255.255.255.0service-manage ping permit
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2undo shutdownip address 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.252
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/3undo shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/4undo shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/5undo shutdown
#
interface GigabitEthernet1/0/6undo shutdown
#
interface Virtual-if0
#
interface NULL0
#
firewall zone localset priority 100
#
firewall zone trustset priority 85add interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1
#
firewall zone untrustset priority 5add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/0
#
firewall zone dmzset priority 50add interface GigabitEthernet1/0/2
#
ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 100.1.1.6
ip route-static 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.30.254
ip route-static 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.30.254
#
undo ssh server compatible-ssh1x enable
ssh authentication-type default password
ssh server cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh server hmac sha2_256 sha1
ssh client cipher aes256_ctr aes128_ctr
ssh client hmac sha2_256 sha1
#
firewall detect ftp
#
user-interface con 0authentication-mode aaa
user-interface vty 0 4authentication-mode aaaprotocol inbound ssh
user-interface vty 16 20
#
pki realm default
#
sa
#
location
#
nat address-group nat_group 0mode patsection 0 100.1.1.3 100.1.1.3
#
multi-linkifmode proportion-of-weight
#
right-manager server-group
#
device-classificationdevice-group pcdevice-group mobile-terminaldevice-group undefined-group
#
user-manage server-sync tsm
#
security-policyrule name ha_local_dmzsource-zone dmzsource-zone localdestination-zone dmzdestination-zone localaction permitrule name trust_untrustsource-zone trustdestination-zone untrustsource-address 192.168.0.0 mask 255.255.0.0action permit
#
auth-policy
#
traffic-policy
#
policy-based-route
#
nat-policyrule name nat_policy1source-zone trustdestination-zone untrustsource-address 192.168.10.0 mask 255.255.255.0action source-nat address-group nat_group
#
quota-policy
#
pcp-policy
#
dns-transparent-policy
#
rightm-policy
#
return

三、配置服务器映射

在开启双机热备的情况下，在active上操作的任何步骤都过自动同步到standby

1、在FW1为server1添加映射，让外网用户能访问

HRP_M[FW1]nat server policy_web protocol tcp global 100.1.1.2 80 inside 192.168.
20.1 80 unr-route

在FW2查看已经被同步配置

2、配置域间安全测试，允许外网访问内网服务器

HRP_M[FW1]security-policy
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security]rule name untrust_trust
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security-rule-untrust_trust]source-zone  untrust
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security-rule-untrust_trust]destination-zone trust
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security-rule-untrust_trust]destination-address 192.168.20.0 24
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security-rule-untrust_trust]action permit
HRP_M[FW1-policy-security-rule-untrust_trust]return

3、client1访问服务器映射（访问域名，状态200表示成功）